He finds that between the fall and spring of first grade, black students' reading and math skills fall almost two months behind those of white students." (Alon, 731) The Alon study suggests itself as one due for further examination as it provides a clear intercession of the various patterns of inequality that warrant the use of Affirmative Action in education and employment decisions
By offering their commitment to affirmative action, organizations are examining possible ways in which minority groups can be properly represented. In the experimentation process, African-American MBAs will receive more promotions due to the fact that they are the minority group least represented in most organizations (Austin, p
In a landmark 5-4 decision, the highest court upheld "the University of Michigan Law School's policy, ruling that race can be one of many factors considered by colleges when selecting their students because it furthers 'a compelling interest in obtaining the educational benefits that flow from a diverse student body.'" (Brunner, 1) The Achievement Gap for African-American Men The knowledge and skill acquired through formal business school educational courses may play a vital role in helping individuals develop realistic and achievable career advances
Consequently, in certain circumstances, some organizations just cooperate with set quotas, which specify particular numbers of qualified minority members that must fill in vacant positions. "For example, a university with a high proportion of Caucasian male faculty maybe required to fill half of its faculty vacancies with women and other minorities" (Chima & Wharton, 1999, p
6). With the increasing number of African-American MBAs graduating and vying for work in the professional sphere, there has also been an increase in opportunity as most organizations seek to employ men from competitive schools due to the advanced skills and knowledge they possess (Dugan et al
In addition to changes in admission policies at universities, new workshops in education are beginning to address this issue head on, with teaching participants being taught that American history and education are both "written from the perspective of whites and that laws and policies benefit whites while putting minorities at an immediate disadvantage." (Fernandez, 1) This has helped to redirect the perspective on Affirmative Action within the profession, where institutions are beginning to espouse it as a legitimate means to balancing merit and racial fairness in both the admission of students and the courtship and hiring of teachers
Employees are required to sign a contract establishing that they will not engage in discrimination, and they are to be penalized if found guilty. In the occurrence of such an incident, a given set of procedures has to be followed, which is initiated by the reporting of the matter to the proper Human Resource authorities (Landrine & Klonoff, 1996, p
3). This is mainly attributable to affirmative action because although organizations hire African-American MBA graduates increasingly, they still constitute a small percentage of the total workforce in managerial positions (Pager et al
Still others see affirmative action as a current necessity whose life expectancy is limited." (Roosevelt, 2004, p
The open-ended inquiries were employed to gain an understanding of the significant factors in the HMS and professional experiences that related specifically to their experiences as underrepresented minorities participating in a historically white medical school and predominantly white profession." (Shanks, p
Implementation of such stringent measures and precautions has safeguarded African-American men from possible discrimination. It is therefore more likely that African-American graduates will receive job offers according to their qualifications, and compete for promotions with members of other races in a fair manner (Turner & Struyk, 1991, p
He is quoted to have said that "You do not take a person who, for years, has been hobbled by chains and liberate him, bring him up to the starting line of a race and then say you are free to compete with all the others, and still just believe that you have been completely fair." (Civil Right 101, 2014) The real focus of the affirmative action is on opportunity provision for all
The compliance of such contractors is monitored and enhanced by the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) in the Department of Labor (USCCR, 2000). Such laws as the Americans with Disabilities Act, and Title VII apply to not only local, but also state governments and a number of other entities such as employment bureaus, as well as job offerors with 15 or more employees (Bennett-Alexander & Hartman, 2012)
Such an atmosphere according to many is more conducive to higher learning (Jost, 2001). An ethically diverse atmosphere encourages learning and self development according to others (Gurin, Dey, Hurtado & Gurin, 2002)
They claim it is necessary to balance out the student population and create an ethnically diverse atmosphere. Such an atmosphere according to many is more conducive to higher learning (Jost, 2001)
They claim it is necessary to balance out the student population and create an ethnically diverse atmosphere. Such an atmosphere according to many is more conducive to higher learning (Jost, 2001)
Another argument in favor of affirmative action made by admissions officials is that regardless of ones race, it is still essential that a candidate possess adequate grades and test scores, which are a critical factor weighed during the review process (Worsnop, 1996). Minorities are so underrepresented in many of the nation's top colleges that some have claimed that the university environment may be considered segregated in nature rather than integrated (Phillips, 1994)
Affirmative Action - Should Race be a Factor in Deciding College Admissions? Should race be a deciding factor for college admissions? The debate is one that is hotly contested among students and administrators alike. Many feel that in a tight job market acquiring a college educational is an essential prerequisite for career advancement (Worsnop, 1996) thus competition for admission to many of the nation's best universities is increasing
By and large affirmative action programs seek to remove limitations on career aspirations, expand people's "sense" of what they can achieve and subject all people to the "full range of options to the kind of individualized scrutiny that is appropriate to career decisions and goals" (Stroud, 1999: 3). Created more than 30 years ago, affirmative actions were created as a means to remedy the "under use of minority and female human resources" in the workplace (Carlton, Donahue, Garcia, Hawkey, Johnson & Watson, 1997)
Affirmative Action Programs at Work Discrimination in employment or recruitment practices is discouraged for obvious reasons. By and large affirmative action programs seek to remove limitations on career aspirations, expand people's "sense" of what they can achieve and subject all people to the "full range of options to the kind of individualized scrutiny that is appropriate to career decisions and goals" (Stroud, 1999: 3)