Economic Models of Voting The competency model holds that voters reward the present political party for favorable economic outcomes and punish him for unfavorable outcomes (Vanderzee, 1997). More than 25 years ago, this hypothesis was first tested (Kramer, 1970 and Mueller, 1970), and more recently have Rogoff and Sibert (1988) provided a choice theoretical foundation for it
This paper will discuss two major economic models of voting -- both of which show how economic outcomes may affect party choice. Economic Models of Voting The competency model holds that voters reward the present political party for favorable economic outcomes and punish him for unfavorable outcomes (Vanderzee, 1997)
Thus, by allowing Internet voting, democracies would be exponentially better at accurately representing the desires of their citizens by ensuring that nearly everyone who is eligible will be able to cast a ballot. Greater inclusion of citizens in electoral process marks a change in political representation, that is, the (ideally present) "correspondence between preferences over policies by the citizens and the policy outputs of the legislature" (Alvarez & Nagler 2)
By investigating the possibility of voting online, it becomes clear that not only would Internet voting result in a far more representative government, but that it would finally bring the means by individuals may participate in their civic community kicking and screaming into the modern day, thus disrupting the power structure of entrenched parties which benefit from a convoluted and altogether unnecessarily outdated voting process. The single most disruptive and exciting thing about the potential for Internet voting is the likelihood of increasing "civic participation by making the voting process more convenient" (Oostveen 3)
Thus, Internet voting would help ensure that state and local elections are given the same consideration as the more exciting federal elections, resulting in local communities far more engaged with each other and able to better represent the interests of certain neglected neighborhoods or counties. "The Internet inspires grand visions of a more democratic future, both for existing nations and for a more harmonious global community," and although to some these visions are essentially utopian, and thus impossible, the simple allowance of Internet voting would go a surprisingly long way towards ensuring this more democratic future (Slane 81)
Still, initially I think that enfranchising more voters in any reasonably safe way -- and giving honest, concerned voters an easier way to share in democracy -- is a good idea. TWO: How can you define your point-of-view more clearly? The advantages of voting online are many, and according to a scholarly research article in the Canadian Parliamentary Review (DeBardeleben, et al
Voting According to recent statistics, America has among the lowest voter turnout of any democracy in the world based on participation in presidential and mid-term elections (Anderson, 2000)
Fewer and fewer college age students are taking the initiative to register to vote. According to a recent magazine article (Berg, 2003), America's youth today fails to realize or care about the importance of their vote
The interests of youth will never be heard if they do not take the initiative to go out and learn who is running for president or of issues that are affecting students if they do not go out and vote. Voting and cultural data for the past three decades demonstrate how the 18-to-24-year-old demographic group has dramatically changed the polity through its inaction and disengagement (Quinnell, 2004)
The systems work electronically, and votes should be tallied almost instantaneously. The machines automatically show each office or item on the ballot as the voter enters their vote, and "If a voter makes a mistake, such as selecting two candidates for the same office, the computer points out this error and allows the voter to correct it" (Bonsor)
In addition, some locales trying out the new systems have run in to a variety of problems that need to be worked out. In Orange County, CA, 184 polling places returned votes that were wrong, because there was more than one ballot style loaded in the computers, and the incorrect ballot style was displayed in these polling places (Foley)
Election Assistance Commission. 'Not only have the vendors not implemented security safeguards that are possible, they have not even correctly implemented the ones that are easy'" (Yen)
.] voting machine, program files for its Global Election Management System tabulation software, and a Texas voter-registration list with voters' names and addresses" (Zetter)
To this end, "Ridge said he thinks McCain appeals to older voters because they appreciate that age gives you experience, and that, 'It's not what you say, it's what you do.' (Hefling, 1) A statement which is as much a slant against Obama's highly regarded oratorical skills as it is a statement in favor of McCain's public service record, Ridge's sentiment underscores the view which often tends to create a degree of association between the elderly and the Republican party
The hypothesis that elderly voters were apprehensive about the change in voting technology is also supported by the increase in absentee balloting." (Roseman & Stephenson, 39) And given the demographic trends which have been precipitated by the scale of the baby boomer generation, the population of seniors is growing faster than the population of new voters
The greater access of today's seniors to medical care must surely be given some credit for this change." (Wattenberg, 1) This, more than any one particular issue or aspect of the political process, has tended to bring a heavy focus to the contributions of the elderly in the biannual tradition
By Barack Obama presenting himself as a man with working class origins, wishing to provide support for working mothers, he cemented the support of women looking for that change in the government. "The unequal numerical or descriptive representation of social classes in the world's legislatures has important consequences for the substantive representation of different class interests" (Carnes & Lupu, 2014, p
"Overall, women strongly supported Senator Obama over Senator McCain (56% for Obama, 43% for McCain). Men split their votes about evenly between the two presidential candidates, with 49% for Obama and 48% for McCain" (Crouse, 2008)
Social conflict theory is a Marxist-based social theory that argues groups and individuals in society have varying quantities of non-material and material resources, for example, the poor versus the wealthy. Additionally, the groups with more power utilize that power to further exploit the less powerful groups (Eagly, Baron, Hamilton & Kelman, 2004, p
Those that earn less favor Democratic and vote Democratic. Even when examining wealthy Democrats, their support for the Democratic Party is much weaker than a low-income Democrat's (Lang, 2016)