In a discussion of Taiwanese variants of a "Little Red Riding Hood"-like tale involving a tiger, Wolfram Eberhard notes that relatively few oral accounts linger on the tiger actually devouring people: "Perhaps mothers did not want to frighten their children by telling this detail, an additional violence in a violent story" (31). Most commercial adaptations for juvenile markets have adopted a similar approach; in some versions of "Little Red Riding Hood," for example, nobody is eaten and even the wolf simply runs away when his scheme fails (Shavit 155)
This is the Old Testament logic of an eye for an eye. In fairy tales, getting even is the best revenge (Tatar 182-3)
put it in 2003, "the scientific debate over whether media violence increases aggression and violence is essentially over" (81). As a newer medium, video games have been less comprehensively examined as a cause of increased aggression, but violent acts (from firefights and martial arts encounters to more localized punching and slapping) appear to be prevalent in several genres, even those marketed to and explicitly rated as being suitable for children (Thompson and Haninger 591)
Even by Bettelheim's standards, the "blood in the shoe" sequence is inarguably striking (memorable) but in the absence of a transgression of equal weight, it simply seems both confused from a didactic perspective and, more importantly, potentially disturbing to a juvenile audience. At best, it is simply gratuitous, and while children love the slapstick or "preposterous" violence of cartoons and some fairy tales (Twitchell 23), gratuitous violence also leads children to consider violent behavior normative
One writer notes about the current massive popularity of pro-wrestling, "America's latest cultural obsession lies in the wrestling ring, where the likes of Sting, Triple H. And "Stone Cold" Steve Austin have become testosterone-amped heroes for the young and old alike (Billups 2)
"That's just the point, wrestling fans say. They love the grunting moves and choreography for the same reason: Everyone knows they're orchestrated" (Butters 8)
However, our society has always been violent. One expert noted, "The prominence and success of physical violence in the organization of mass entertainment throughout history -- gladiator games, bull fights, dog fights, boxing matches, 'action' movies -- suggests a widespread attraction to violence, whether for catharsis, excitement, thrills, or sexual arousal" (Jackman)
With professional wrestlers such as Jesse Ventura making it into the mainstream of American politics, those who suggest wrestling's influence is a positive one have even more evidence to support their beliefs. In addition, "Two WWF wrestlers -- 'Mankind' and 'The Rock' -- currently have best-selling autobiographies" (Reuter), which places them in the mainstream of American publishing, and even assures their placement in hundreds of American libraries
" The home audience, however, is every advertising man's dream -- predominately males between twelve and sixty years old. Little wonder that ESPN, the male network nonpareil, has taken to broadcasting its own brand of wrestling under the rubric of a sporting event (Twitchell 250)
Funk conducted and published the results of research on 357 pre-adolescent children. (Funk, 1993) by large majorities, children preferred games that contained violence or sports video games that had violent undertones or even games that contained violence performed by or done to humans
Albert Bandura advanced the social learning theory. (Siegel, 2003) After a while, these children were allowed into a room that contained dolls with which these children would normally play
This translates to 715 prisoners for every 100,000 persons. Of these about 50% of the inmates in federal prison are there for crimes related to drugs and around 20% of inmates nationwide in state prisons are there for drug related offenses (Behrens, 2010)
The deprivation model holds that the prison environment and loss of freedom cause deep psychological trauma so that for reasons of psychological self-preservation prisoners create a deviant prison subculture that promotes violence. The importation model emphasizes what prisoners bring into the institution, their histories, personal attributes and social networks, including links to criminal, groups (Homel & Thomson 2005)
Without considering and acting on these problem areas, there can be no realistic hope of lessening the amount of prison violence, or the potential of its occurring. These problems include crowding, antiquated architecture, budgeting, poor facility management, mandatory sentencing, antiquated inmate classification, poor security, inherent inmate friction, absence of proper training, and low pay (Levinson, 2002)
Spending on corrections since 1980s increased 5 times, and there are more than 1000 vendors that sell corrections paraphernalia. The industry has an annual projected growth rate of 5 to 10% (Schlosser,1998)
Being ambitious, he threw his lot in with the only growing equal opportunity employer for males in the U.S. inner city (Bourgois, 1997, p
In fact, there is a body of evidence that exists and suggests that this theory -- that the prohibition of illicit street drugs and other illegal street activity, such as prostitution, could lessen the impact of crime and reduce criminal activity -- is plausible. A look at comparatively low levels of criminal activity in Amsterdam, in which numerous forms of illegal drugs such as marijuana and hashish, as well as prostitution, is legalized, (Gilderbloom, Hanka, Lasley, 2008) indicates that a similar level of success could be obtained in the U
S. No one can deny the immense revenues that are generated from the sales of illegal street drugs; a 2003 study indicates that "annual earnings for drug gang leaders are between $50,000 and $130,000" (King, 2003)
However, pulling out an automatic weapon and attempting to shoot the head of a business rival is decidedly outside the laws of business and general civil rights. However, these are the means that drug gangs utilize to merely compete in their illicit business ventures "in which the game stands in for the violent and honor-bound world of feudalism…an allegory for life under capitalism" (Read, p
The following quotation elucidates some of these concerns that would inevitably worsen in the case of the legalization of street narcotics. "one discerns two distinct battlegrounds for… debate: a philosophy/morality terrain…the former encompasses disparate concerns about the message that legalization would send to children, for example, and the debate over the extent and legitimacy of the state's regulating the behavior of adults…" (Warner, 1991, p