In this case these plaintiffs were challenging the fact that the respondent, Johnson Controls Inc., had implemented a policy to disallow females of childbearing age to work in an environment with significant lead exposure unless they could prove they were infertile (International Union, UAW v
Lamere alleged that Waterman stated she would 'like to put a bullet in Lieutenant Nedeau's head' and would 'like to deck Sergeant McCormack' if they yelled at her." (Webster, 2007, p
" That clearly points to a positive for the American society and for law under the Constitution. Armor is adamant about this issue because some critics of the ruling insist that Brown "…failed to desegregate schools" and that assertion is partly "untrue" and also partly "a distortion of the goals of Brown" (Armor, 2006, 40)
Actually, Harvey was 6 years old when Brown was ruled on by the High Court. At six years of age, Harvey was "…keenly aware of segregation and what it meant" as he attended a racially segregated elementary school (Harvey, 2005)
Sheryl T. Smikle, an instructor at Vassar College, was born four years after Brown, and "…six years later [when she was 10] I entered elementary school in the northwest section of the Bronx" (in school district #10), which offered "excellent public and private schools -- both of which were amenable to educating white and black students together" (Smikle, 2007)
The Court judged that youth under the age of 18 did not think about personal actions in the same way adults do, justifying their decision. It is an interesting turn of events, because our policies toward juvenile offenders have swung between taking a punishment approach and taking a rehabilitative approach (Howard, 1998)
We deny the right to vote until the age of 18, and youths cannot drink legally for three years after that. In many states, it's illegal for them to buy cigarettes (Steiner, 2002), so the argument that they can't be held completely responsible for even heinous crimes makes some sense
Secondly, the harshness of all the sentences imposed on Graham. Thus the Court made a ruling and affirmed that the sentencing practice is nasty and strange (Cornell University Law School, Legal Information Institute)
Lawrence River and from Lake Ontario to the Adirondack foothills." (Grant, 2005) in the year of 1785 the Oneida Tribe sold 300,000 acres in the Treaty of Fort Herkimer to the State of New York
Political enemies in the Senate attempted to disrupt his nomination by involving him in a long drawn-out confirmation process revealing embarrassing details of his personal life. (Irons 1999) References Irons, P
The Supreme Court of the United States There are currently nine Justices on the Supreme Court of the United States, one Chief Justice and Eight Associate Justices; although in the past the number has varied and recent attempts to change this number have been rejected. (Rehnquist 2001) Since Supreme Court Justices serve for life, or until they retire, many of the current members of the Court have served for many years
The newest members of the Supreme Court, both women, appointed by current President Barack Obama, are Associate Justice Sonia Sotomayor, appointed in 2009, and Associate Justice Elena Kagan appointed in 2010.(Wagman 1993) Leading the court since September of 2005 is current Chief Justice John G
Once a defendant has established a prima facie showing of discrimination, the State then has the burden of proving race-neutrality. (Batson v. Kentucky, 476 U
Armstrong, where they held that a defendant seeking to establish a selective prosecution claim must show evidence of discriminatory intent and discriminatory effect. (United States v. Armstrong, 517 U
In Yick Wo, the appellant was seeking to invalidate an ordinance regarding publicly-operated businesses, which meant that a member of the public could investigate and provide evidence of such discrimination. (Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118 U
Based on the constitutional requirement of proportionally, I don't agree with the Supreme Court's decision since it's arbitrary. This decision results in the treatment of child rape as qualitatively more heinous than that of an adult woman for the purposes of capital punishment (Adam, 2008)
This is mainly because the horrific world of child rape causes the victims and many survivors to bear grievous scars, especially emotional torment. Generally, child rape may provide a stronger and severe emotional case for capital punishment as compared to the normal murder cases (Berman & Bibas, 2008)
However, the Supreme Court made its ruling and conclusion through considering the objective indicia of the country's attitude toward capital punishment in rape cases. Nonetheless, this cannot be justified under the Constitution because the Supreme Court could have simply left the decision in place and restricted itself to analyzing the concerns and questions that were unexplored (Colb, 2003)
Georgia Case in 1977 remains to be one of the landmark cases in the history of the United States in which the Supreme Court ruled that a state cannot apply capital punishment or crime of raping an adult woman primarily because it violates proportionality requirement. While the decision has hung over states as one national standard, it infringes the essential principles of federalism and separation of powers that are rooted in the country's constitutional system (Silversten, 2011)
"In all these cases, suspects were questioned by police officers, detectives, or prosecuting attorneys in rooms that cut them off from the outside world. In none of the cases were suspects given warnings of their rights at the outset of their interrogation" (Goldman)