1) The Suicide Prevention Triangle Model and Theory is one that has been adapted from the Fire Prevention Model and is based on necessary and sufficient causes of self-injurious behavior including; (1) intensity of wish to die; (2) degree of planning; and (3) kind of amount of distress. (Cutter, nd, p
Prevention programs should be "…age-specific, developmentally appropriate, and culturally sensitive…" and should be such that are "…implemented with no or minimal differences from how they were designed and tested." (Potter, L, et al
This is why social work studies have commented on the problem of suicide among the aboriginals in Canada. Suicide is a social problem, which makes social work profession relevant in providing working interventions, either through counseling, education or culturally-based strategies (Baskin, 2011)
In addition, it is vital to appreciate the people by keeping their culture strong, allow them to live on their ancestral lands, engage them in community empowerment, and allow them to practice their traditional laws will be working decolonization strategies (Thira, 2014). Then again, allowing the aboriginal people to maintain their culture is essential and can work in reducing suicidal rates (Blackstock, 2009)
This is because the aboriginal people are in a position to tell what they feel is good for them, and this is an important decolonization strategy. In comparison to the past, where the aboriginal people did not have such a chance, this can instill positive attitudes concerning the efforts of the social workers in solving some of the problems (Hart, Sinclair, & Bruyere, 2009)
Therefore, in an attempt to reduce the social problems they faced, the aboriginal people taken part in habits such as alcoholism, violence, and suicide. The aboriginal youth remain the most affected, mainly because of the development of suicidal thoughts, which have driven them to commit suicide (Kirmayer, & Valaskakis, 2009)
The males' aboriginal people are more affected than the females, but the females attempt suicide more often than the males. Although the statistics exist, there is still little information concerning aboriginal suicide, its causes and working interventions (LeMaster et
Therefore, using the risk factors it will be possible to develop an effective suicide prevention approach. Some of the risk factors include alcohol use, social isolation, male gender, violence victimization and perpetration (May et al
Therefore, any intervention should aim at changing the youth's perception of suicide. Research suggests that the socio-economic status of the people plays a contributory role in the high incidences of suicide (Mignone, 2005)
This is a decolonization strategy, which will give them a chance to air their views on the problem of suicide. In addition, it is vital to appreciate the people by keeping their culture strong, allow them to live on their ancestral lands, engage them in community empowerment, and allow them to practice their traditional laws will be working decolonization strategies (Thira, 2014)
The challenges people in a given society going through vary, and may include healthcare issues, or psychological issues. In this context, social work is relevant in the issue of suicide primarily because suicide is a habitual problem resulting from a variety of issues, such as mental problems (Turner, 2005)
S. Supreme Court ruled that there was no right to assisted suicide in the Constitution but implied that states have the right to decide for themselves concerning whether or not to prohibit PAS (Hendin & Foley 2008, 1613) the Oregon Death with Dignity Act was enacted (even after facing its own set of legal challenges), allowing the primary care physician managing the patient's terminal illness, to prescribe a lethal medication, which the patient then self-administers (Carlson, Simopolous, Goy, Jackson & Ganzini 2005, 1160)
S. Supreme Court ruled that there was no right to assisted suicide in the Constitution but implied that states have the right to decide for themselves concerning whether or not to prohibit PAS (Hendin & Foley 2008, 1613) the Oregon Death with Dignity Act was enacted (even after facing its own set of legal challenges), allowing the primary care physician managing the patient's terminal illness, to prescribe a lethal medication, which the patient then self-administers (Carlson, Simopolous, Goy, Jackson & Ganzini 2005, 1160)
The Death with Dignity Acts of Oregon and Washington state makes a definite division between the legal and the illegal, which for the legal requires the intent of the physician and the consent of the patient. However, it is impossible to discern intent and patients may offer consent when they are in a state of mind that doesn't leave them able to make a decision of this sort (Pickett 2008, 9)
Lachlan (2010, 121) asserts that physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia, in general, is an issue that lies in a person's moral conscience as well as any legal or ethical issues that surround the patient. Literature and legislation on euthanasia (specifically in the United States, Australia, Japan, Canada and New Zealand) concerns nurses as well as doctors (Quaghebeur, Dierckx de Casterle & Gastmans 2009, 466) because of each of their specific roles in the care of patients who are dying
Particularly frustrating about both of these Acts are the way in which they are termed. The euphemisms "death with dignity" and other terms are emotionally charged -- and judgmental (Steinbrook 2008, 2513)
The Three-Step Ethical Model provides an analytical approach that addresses all of these issues. Application of Three-Step Ethical Model Legal Issues In the United States, euthanasia is illegal in all 50 states and subjects physicians who administer medication to terminate the life of a patient to criminal prosecution and penal incarceration (Beauchamp & Childress, 2009)
Meanwhile, the concept of separation of church and state is guaranteed by at least one of the two applicable clauses of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (Dershowitz, 2002)
Therefore, the argument against the government prohibition of euthanasia when it is desired by a patient is that it constitutes establishment of religion on the part of the government (Dershowitz, 2002). Naturally, there is a legitimate legal justification for government regulation of assisted suicide to prevent abuse of patients, as well as to ensure that patients seeking to end their lives are mentally competent and capable of making those types of decisions as a matter of law (George, Finlay & Jeffrey, 2005)
On the other hand, it is difficult to find an objective legal justification for prohibiting a mentally competent patient to choose to terminate his or her life with the assistance of a physician, especially when the reason is that the patient is either already dying or suffering from intractable pain that cannot be treated effectively. Balance of Ethical Concerns The principal ethical concerns raised by the concept of euthanasia in the form of physician-assisted suicide at the request of patients are patient rights and patient autonomy (Levine, 2008)