Subcultures: The Gyaru Subculture The Gyaru Subculture: Subcultures The Gyaru Subculture One of the widely recognized impacts of globalization is the fact that it causes changes and modifications to the values, norms and traditions of existing cultures, resulting in the formation of new subcultures, or the complete loss of cultural identity (Marshall & Raymond, 2015)
Actually, Riot Grrrl zines were powerful tools that gave a voice to the unheard since they were a means through which young feminists would reject definitions provided by the dominant society. These definitions would be substituted with descriptions from the movement itself and help create their own meanings by taking over the most common means of production (Austin & Willard, p
This implies that the major stakeholders of this subculture are young feminists and members of punk musical groups and bands. After its emergence in Washington State and Washington DC in the early 1990s, the Riot Grrrl quickly spread across the country and other parts including the United Kingdom (D'Angelica, p
Social movements essentially thrive and achieve success through the use of potent communication tools and channels. The power of zines as communication tools in Riot Grrrl and Bikini Kill social movements is attributed to the fact that they were embodiments of creativity rather than being simple expressions in words or images (Duncombe, p
Bikini Kill and Riot Grrrl were terminologies developed to create public trepidation by representing feminists' ideas and shared concerns. These terms helped conceptualize ideas and concerns by creating anxiety based on the concept of disobedience since no public action had been taken to address women's concerns (Leonard, p
in opposition to the dominant societal standards. However, subcultures are also regarded as interests that function within the boundaries of the existing social order (Martin, p
Bikini Kill was by Kathleen Hanna that arranged weekly meetings between riot grrrls and other 20 women, which culminated in the formation of a band called Bikini Kill. Together with Riot Grrrl, Bikini Kill band played antagonistic punk rock music that advocated for a feminist agenda (Peddie, p