Cognitive Strategies are the unusual opinions about a particular event. For example, a given situation can be "frightening" for an individual and may be "challenging" to the other (Hettema, 1979)
Therefore, Rotter's social learning theory has a special focus on "the general (trait) and the specific (situational) determinants of action, with both being the product of learning experiences" (Weiner, 1980). Rotter especially "emphasized expectations of reward and perceived values of rewards as the basis for modeling one's behavior on that of others" (Hogben & Dyrne, 1998)
Competencies refer to the logical competence and social skills. It is, if truth be told, "the ability to produce a variety of different cognitive and behavioral responses in a given situation or class of situations" (Knowles & McLean, 1992)
V. stands for the reinforcement value of the predictable reinforcement (Lefcourt, 1982)
Instead, they have reestablished internal cognitive variables including a person's "subjective interpretation of the environment, into the stimulus-response formula (S-R)" (Engler, 2009). Albert Bandura was the one who developed social cognitive theory as "a versatile model of psychosocial functioning that highlights the human capacity for self-regulation" (Lent & Brown, 1996)
According to him, personality is unpredictable in the face of individual experiences that have the power to change a person's observations all through his/her life span (Foran, 2012). Rotter believes that "our ability to explain and predict behavior depends on knowing an individual's reinforcement history as well as his or her experiences, subjective values and perceptions of control" (Nevid, 2009)
Rotter believes that "our ability to explain and predict behavior depends on knowing an individual's reinforcement history as well as his or her experiences, subjective values and perceptions of control" (Nevid, 2009). Therefore, Rotter's social learning theory has a special focus on "the general (trait) and the specific (situational) determinants of action, with both being the product of learning experiences" (Weiner, 1980)
They engage themselves in criminal and violent acts to escape from the bitter reality of their lives. Such an individual thinks that whatever he is doing with other people is justified as justice was not done with him in his earlier age (Aichhorn, 1955)
A childhood spent in a home where disregard, adversity, violence and abuse prevailed in the environment gives birth to a juvenile delinquent in most cases. Such teenagers show violence to dating partners or family members when they become aware of the fact that they have the power to do so (Baker & Jeffe, 2003)
It is really imperative for a society to accept and understand the behavioral damages done to the abused children. Also, we must try to lend a helping hand to the violence-affected children to make them confident and positive towards life (Davis, 1998)
It can easily be concluded after having a look at what is mentioned above that innocent children are being continuously targeted by the abusers. The hunger for control and supremacy motivates abusers to make children suffer their aggressive, antagonistic and hostile behavior (Graves, 2002)
org). How Social Learning Theory describes children exposed to domestic violence? Social Learning Theory encourages the contemplation of various minutiae of criminology which are not offered by other hypothetical scaffolds (Jensen, Social Learning and Violent Behavior, sitemason
Women are thought to be the main sufferers of domestic violence. However, children are also exposed to domestic violence on a large scale (Jouriles, McDonald, Slep, Heyman & Garrido, 2008)
The physical abuses children suffer include spitting at them, making them eat raw items, dragging them down the stairs, twisting their ears etc. (McGee, 2000)
A considerable number of women aged between 19 and 44 are killed after suffering continuous domestic violence. Most of these women have children who witness the most horrible violence that one can imagine (Underwood, 2006)
This is where the limitations of this theory can be seen. It does not take a "big picture" point-of-view (Ahrons, 2007) but rather narrows its view of the mystery of human development
Another 2013 article suggested sports played an active role in improving the self-esteem of participants as well as providing the means with which to socially interact with others. "There were many different psychological and social health benefits reported, with the most commonly being improved self-esteem, social interaction followed by fewer depressive symptoms" (Eime, Young, Harvey, Charity, & Payne, 2013, p
"Low self-control was significantly associated with an increase in the variety of violent delinquency among females. Among male respondents, those who were more susceptible to peer pressure engaged in fewer types of violent delinquency" (Koon-Magnin, Bowers, Langhinrichsen-Rohling, & Arata, 2016, p
Research shows a positive correlation between sports and alleviation of depressive symptoms along with other improvement markers in physical and mental health (Wilhite, 2014). Aside from social interaction, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity can play a key role in other positive development in youth from increase stamina, endurance, and muscle formation to competitiveness, assertiveness, and confidence (Lonsdale et al
Social learning theory explains learning through observation. Sports enables learning through observation and helps youth understand what is necessary to complete an aim or objective (Rotter, 1982)