"Through her AR project and collaboration with teachers and administrators in the district, Calkins found that AR helped transform a working group of teachers and administrators into a professional learning community." (Thompson, Li, White, Loewen & Gass, 2012)
Furthermore, choosing a text whose content interested students as well as tapped into their funds of knowledge encouraged classroom participation concerning issues and topics students deemed pertinent both outside and inside the English classroom. Reflection as a mediator within conceptual development offers a rationale for the utilization of metaphor as pedagogical intervention (Wan & Low, 2015, p
In a 2012 book, policies have been critiqued by several researchers in their failure to address the need to guarantee equitable educational opportunities for English learners. Legislative mandates or policy initiatives that constrain or forbid bilingual programs from garnering adequate resources are obstacles when it comes to teacher preparation in ESL programs (Wilson & Horsford, 2013, p
The framework that ESL instruction should focus on is within the sociocultural theory. "Sociocultural theory (SCT) has become increasingly influential in the field of second language learning and research since its first appearance in the 1980's" (Yoon & Kim, 2012, p