As long as the key stakeholder is the company's own ability to turn a profit, the monopoly will become the path of least resistance for the management, from a theoretical standpoint. This is to say that companies who can engage in monopolistic behavior will prioritize themselves as key stakeholder in their financial and business behavior (Evans, 2011)
These rules and understandings of market forces and transparency also have a direct application within the UK's party finance realm. This means that as exceptionalism still reigns supreme within this realm, the end-user (public) is not benefited as key stakeholder (Fisher, et
They argue quite the opposite, relative to unintended consequences. These authors posit that the system should be allowed to fail, unhindered, which would eliminate the firm as stakeholder and hold up the end-user's benefits, in this case, the public's (Green, et
Professor Michael Mainelli and Bernard Manson (2011) argue that unintended consequences in the UK financial system relative to public policy changes are rampant and rather poorly understood. Beyond this general assertion, the authors make the case that relative to the 2008 global economic meltdown; the government's decision to step in and affect change in the financial realm in the UK was perhaps one of the worst decisions for the public that could have been made (Mainelli and Manson, 2011)
But such reform and regulation implementation needs to occur in moderation, otherwise the government becomes key stakeholder and the power of resource allocation becomes misused. Managers are trained to automatically prioritize the interests of their largest stakeholders (Ghobadian, et
This problematic because the Royal family is suppose to be nothing more than a figure head that has no power.(Birch) However, when you look beneath the surface, this power is exerted in directly from behind the scenes
Especially, when you consider the fact that this appointed body of individuals has the power to essentially challenge the Prime Minister on a whole host of issues. (Cowell) a good example of this can be seen with the 350 times that they have blocked legislation that was passed by the House of Commons and was supported by the Prime Minister, since 1999
This is because recent public opinion polls show that 53% of the electorate is opposed to the war. (Morris) the reason why Labor would want to avoid this issue is: because of the perception that they are engaging in the same actions as before
Evidence of this can be seen in the latest poll, which shows that the Conservatives are in the lead with 36%, while the Liberal Democrats are showing 26% and Labor is at 29%. (Young) This is significant because in the Parliamentary system, the party who controls the most seats can form a coalition to run the government
A second issue that must be addressed is the rising levels of government debt, this problematic because Britain's total national debt is currently sitting at 12% of the GDP. (Waterfield) Recently, the EU has expressed concerns at the high levels of debt that were fueled by the different bailout programs and large amounts of public services
" Lindblom held that since policy-maker do not generally have all the required information that comprehensiveness was not realistic in ideal and as well policy-makers deal with constraints on resources such as limitations on time and rarely ever is a single objective of policy agreed upon. Lindblom held that intentional incompleteness was much preferred to the "Inevitable, unplanned oversights which occur when policy-makers aspire to the rational-comprehensive ideal (Lindblom, 1979)
"Virtue ethics is a broad term for theories that emphasize the role of character and virtue in moral philosophy rather than either doing one's duty or acting in order to bring about good consequences. A virtue ethicist is likely to give you this kind of moral advice: "act as a virtuous person would act in your situation" (Athanassoulis 2014)
"Consequentialists hold that choices -- acts and/or intentions -- are to be morally assessed solely by the states of affairs they bring about. Consequentialists thus must specify initially the states of affairs that are intrinsically valuable -- often called, collectively, 'the Good'" (Alexander & Moore 2012)
However, the simple presence of grocery stores is not enough to ensure that people inevitably avail themselves of healthier options. According to The New York Times, a longitudinal study of "young and middle-aged adults, found that while fast food consumption was associated with fast food availability for low-income people, consumption of fruits and vegetable and diet quality were not related to the availability of grocery stores" (Bornstein 2012)
That is, whether an action is right or wrong depends on the moral norms of the society in which it is practiced. The same action may be morally right in one society but be morally wrong in another" (Velasquez 2014)
Some examples of impacts include the following Improved quality of the public services offered, as the federal institution comes to outsource IT operations and focus on the provision of its core services (health care, education, public administration and so on) The creation of a context which supports the development of the private IT sector by creating opportunities for further development, demand for services and competition for federal contracts. In other words, this supports market equilibrium and further development of the IT community (Auriol, 2009)
Still, aside from the positive impacts of IT outsourcing, the change in this public policy also materializes in a series of negative effects for the public institution. Some examples in this sense include the following: The loss of control over the budgets since the providing company can increase its tariffs or encounter initially unforeseen expenditures, which would impact the federal budget The diffusion of accountability in the system, since the data would be handled by more parties (Figgis and Griffith, 1997) The loss of full control over the agency's data, since this is now managed by the tertiary IT provider Increased sensitivity and reliance on the provider of IT services, since this controls the access to data, their storage, management and so on The decrease in the institution's reputation within the local community, especially when the institution downsizes the local population in favor of foreign (and more cost effective) labor These problems with IT outsourcing can be addressed through the adequate selection of the strategic partners with whom to collaborate on IT issues
Public Policy in Local Government In a general setting, the public policy is understood as a set of regulations implemented by the state in order to manage a specific issue within the parameters imposed by the current legislations. In a different formulation, "Public policy can be generally defined as a system of laws, regulatory measures, courses of action, and funding priorities concerning a given topic promulgated by a governmental entity or its representatives" (Kilpatrick)
Diversity Issues Involved The word "diversity" covers all significant differences among individuals, not just the evident ones. It consists of age, education, abilities, role, and experience in addition to gender, race, language, ethnicity, and literacy skills (Cabrera, 2010)
Ever since the approval of the department's policy, sexual harassment has now been spreading into every part of employment discrimination as well as the creation of a work environment that is hostile. Research shows that hostile work environment claims are founded not just on sex, but likewise on religion, race, disability, national origin, veteran status, age, pregnancy status and even matrimonial status (Cates, 2013)