The psychology of drug addiction is driven by dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when an individual feels that a drug is essential to sustain their comfort or well-being (Coon & Mitterer, 2009)
Drug Profile Drug addiction is a human issue that cultivates biological, psychological, and social consequences, among others. The manifestation of addiction itself is characterized by physical dependence, and is defined by the uncontrollable, compulsive urge to seek and use drugs despite harmful repercussions (Fernandez, Rodriguez & Villa, 2011)
The biophysical rewards experienced by drug use are the result of dopamine, a neurotransmitter, being released in the brain. It is widely supported by researchers that the dopaminergic system, located in the ventral tegmental area which connects the midbrain to the nucleus accumbens and other forebrain sites, is the main substrate of reward and pleasure for both natural rewards and addictive drugs (Hyman & Malenka, 2001)
Five of the major drug classes are: stimulants, depressants, narcotics, hallucinogens, and cannabis. Stimulants, also known as "uppers," improve mental and physical function by reversing the effects of fatigue (Joseph, 2005)
Medications She is on lisinopril for the treatment of hypertension. She has been advised of the possible interaction between the medication and significant exposure to the sun, specifically of the risk of melanoma and avoids excessive sun exposure (Friedman et al
In addition, the patient reports an occasional desire to smoke when she sees her son smoking. She is upset that her current experience with COPD has not inspired any of her children who smoke to make attempts to cease smoking and has asked for an intervention explaining the full impact of COPD to them because of research she has seen that having a family member with COPD is linked to attempts to stop smoking (Goren et al
, 2014). Functional Status The patient's functional status remains relatively high because she is capable of carrying out all of the activities on the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale: telephone usage, shopping, food preparation, housekeeping, laundry, mode of transportation, responsibility for own medications, and ability to handle finances (Lawton & Brody, 1969)
She reports feeling mild depression because of the inability to go and do things that she previously did. This negative impact on lifestyle reinforces what is known about women with COPD (Raherison et al
She stated that her time at eBay had been personally and professional beneficial, but that ten years was sufficient time to be spent in one institution. She also added that the move would be good for herself and the company, which was in need of a new leadership style and a new vision, in order to further evolve (Kopytoff, 2008)
Then, while employed with Bain, she experienced the decentralized business environment, where she learned how to get the most of people by collaborating with them, rather than by controlling them. Through these experiences, Whitman learned several valuable lessons, such as listening, collaborating, learning and building relationships; she learned how to influence people in order to be a successful leader (Terry, 2011)
So, it is a better idea for Lee to get a salary and pay personal taxes on this income. Also, section 179 of the IRS code clearly states that there is a tax break of up to $24,000 in equipment purchase and I encouraged Lee to take up this opportunity (Fraser, 2002)
military operations in Afghanistan, Iraq and Kuwait. In its other business, KBR is active in natural gas in Nigeria and Australia, has an offshore project in the Caspian Sea and has UK military contracts similar to its American ones (Clanton, 2009)
This deal added 9000 employees to the company. BE&K is focused on the engineering, construction and maintenance industries (Cooper, 2008)
The company is engaged in engineering, construction and services, focused largely on the oil industry and defense. The company has also recently become engaged in the power, chemicals, petrochemicals and health care industries (KBR.com, 2011, History)
77. This was following expectations of an IPO in the $17 range (Kirdahy, 2006)
Security of foreign workers, however, remains an issue for the company. At least 110 of KBR's employees have been killed in Iraq since 2003 (Lozano, 2008)
S. Army; and a gang-rape case where KBR covered up evidence (McGreal, 2009); accusations of human trafficking among KBR employees (AFP, 2008)
In recent years, the company has become embroiled in a number of scandals relating to its operations in the Middle East in particular. In addition to accusations of shoddy workmanship causing deaths, rape and subsequent cover-up, and human trafficking, the company has also committed environmental violations regarding so-called "burn pits" that contained a number of toxic chemicals to which American soldiers were exposed (Wise & Olsen, 2010), has come under fire for essentially embezzling $12 billion (Newton-Small, 2007), and has been charged under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act for bribery in Nigeria (CNN, 2009)
The company also has faced issues with internal discipline. Highlights of its track record in managing employee conduct include the electrocution of soldiers in Iraq (Risen, 2008), a situation that led to significant conflict with the U
taxes, Social Security and Medicare contributions. This led to a scandal in 2008 and questions regarding the firm's ethical standards (Stockman, 2008)