To help offset these different costs, Part D was created. (Anderson, 2009) Under the program, the government would increase spending on prescription drugs, while reducing reimbursements to hospitals and physicians
As it was largely expected that a physician surplus; would allow prices to remain stable well into the future. (Blendon, 2003) However, since that time the number of consumers requiring medical services has only continued to increase
Based upon the macro economic principal of corporate value all entities will seek to increase profits, while reducing the risks (losses) as much as possible. (Lumby, 2003) Where, those patients who are suffering from more severe health problems are more expensive to treat; due to the fact that they were not able to have their conditions treated early
This is when the overall cost of care increase dramatically, as more specialized services are required to treat Medicare patients. (Ringel, 2006) Another way that the military health care system can provide a blue print for reforming the Medicare is by providing consumers with a choice
But as Bhaskaran & Ramachandran (2011) assert, a "firm can reduce the uncertainty surrounding product development by dedicating more resources; the effectiveness of this investment depends on the firm's innovative capacity." (Bhaskaran & Ramachandran, p
According to Brennan (2010), "an operation provides a competitive advantage by delivering products and services better, faster, and/or cheaper than the competition." (Brennan, p
The human resources (HR) function has to ensure that people within the firm will not only the needed skills but also the essential attitudes." (Chary, 1
(2009), "the resulting challenges include integrating environmental, health, and safety concerns with green-product design, lean and green operations, and closed-loop supply chains." (Kleindorfer et al
This suggests an inherent adjustment period in which some degree of service failure is likely to occur. As Lapre (2010) reports, because "service failures are inevitable, firms must be prepared to recover and learn from service failures" (Lapre, p
Under such situations, the design and development section of the organization should immediately respond to these changes and make available the required design so that the organization can retain its customers and also attract more customers." (Panneerselvam, p
indicate in their research that "findings characterize the diversity in terms of three "gaps": a definition gap in how researchers define SCRM, a process gap in terms of inadequate coverage of response to risk incidents, and a methodology gap in terms of inadequate use of empirical methods." (Sodhi et al
Pepper spray is typically the weapon of choice when there are no suspects present who are armed or capable of physically overpowering the officer. (Hess 98)
Constitution, Tenth Amendment) This is interpreted to mean that the states have implied powers in addition to the powers explicitly enumerated to them in the Constitution. (Gardbaum 1996, 1252) Certain states are not happy with the federal government's progress on crime problems such as drug trafficking or illegal immigrants
Arizona had an estimated 460,000 illegal immigrants in April 2010, a fivefold increase since 1990. (Broder, 2007)
This meant new legislations had to be drafted and put in place and implemented there after by the police force. It is worth noting the crack cocaine has also cost many police officers their lives in the attempt to fight it more that other conventional crimes that had bee inexistence there before (Carter W.H., 2003)
Changes and how the police departments were affected 1940s and 1950s: The automobile becomes widely used in America. This meant that there was quicker access to far flung areas that may raise an alarm hence reduction in the crime as the criminals were either apprehended or feared committing crimes due to the fear of quick response (Division of State Police, 2014)
The recessions and depressions directly affect the police force as well since there is no extra cash within the government coffers to hire sufficient officers hence the few who are within the stations and posts have been working under stress and constrain at times with bare minimum supplies. It would be noted also that the depressions when they hit hard, they come with higher rates of unemployment hence higher crime rates and consequently more work stress on the police officers (Jackman T., 2010)
It has called for massive investment in the police force and extra training in order to be prepared to tackle terrorism before it happens and whenever it happens. The event itself caught the police departments on the wrong footing hence possible reason to believe lives that could have been saved were lost and these were bitter lessons for the American police force to act to turn proactive rather than reactive when it comes to terrorism (Kirsch S., 2014)
There was also an increase in trust of the police force among citizens as it was seen to be catering for the needs of all people. The civil rights movements also sneered higher responsibility among the police (Sagepub, 2006: Pp14)
There are trade unions, but the government plays a strong role in the activities of the unions and in ensuring that conflict between union and business is minimal. For example, the government and one of the largest unions issued a new plan together to collect more funds from enterprise to go to a worker's reserve fund (Walsh & Lin, 2012)