Investigators seeking answers to the Columbia disaster say human resources issues may be at least partly to blame for the tragedy." (Shuit, 2003) Statement of the Relevant Principles to be applied The principles appertaining to the understanding and the functionality of NASA are broad and dynamic in that human resources must facilitate internal training programs to ensure that proper training to the level of ability show in past NASA employees
While the task is daunting, Drucker left a legacy that provides guidance about how to manage the future; a legacy grounded in the concept of institutional innovation." (Wallman, 2010) Further analysis by Drucker identifies the concept of institutional management
Specifically, "An organization's safety culture is defined as the shared values, beliefs, assumptions, and norms that may govern organizational decision-making, as well as individual and group attitudes about danger, safety, and the proper conduct of hazardous operations." (Wong, Desai, Madsen, Ciavarelli, 2005) The notion regarding NASA from outside observers was that the culture within NASA was not reflective of the aforementioned, underlying fabric that governs relationships and unites a workforce toward achieving a common goal
Even then, most of the changes that were made were undone over time, so they did not provide any significant improvement in the agency overall. Change not only has to come from within, but it has to be something that becomes the "new normal" (Evans, 2007; Palmer, Dunford, & Akin, 2009)
Change not only has to come from within, but it has to be something that becomes the "new normal" (Evans, 2007; Palmer, Dunford, & Akin, 2009). If the changes that are made are seen as too different, or they are not continually reinforced over time, they will not remain with the organization, and it will revert to the way it was before changes were made (Kotter, 1996; Palmer)
3. Redesigning roles in the organization is very important (Palmer, Dunford, & Akin, 2009)
They provide NASA with not only the necessary but also excellent feedback on its programs and their impact. That way, NASA can gauge the consistency of these programs with its own stated strategic goals and outcomes (McCuddy, 2006)
3. A Network or Lattice Organization and Its Difference from Traditional Organizational Structures A lattice or network organization is characterized by careers that are suited to the needs of employees, flexible work schedule for greater work-life balance or adjusted responsibility, and full participation (Magloff, 2015)
I. Gore and Associates who thought that the concept would be more effective than the traditional type with these characteristics (Mayhew, 2015) 5
There is increased collaboration, which makes the lattice system effective (Magloff). We have been used to the traditional form of organization with the top-down hierarchy of authority (Nash & Nash, 2008)