Earl Little was murdered in 1931 and is believed to have been killed by white terrorists due to his radical political beliefs. (Finkelman) The murder also devastated the lives of Malcolm and the family; his mother had a nervous breakdown and Malcolm lived through foster home to reform school to Harlem and a life of crime becoming known as 'Detroit Red' in the shadowy underworld
He was himself ordained as a Baptist minister at the early age of 18. (Norrell) Malcolm was born Malcolm Little in Omaha, Nebraska (1925) and his father -- Earl Little -- was a Baptist preacher
No man is given but so much time to accomplish whatever is his life's work." (Haley, p
In the words of Stone, "From innocent black boy to criminal, through proud black manhood to a larger humanity above race and nationality - this is the trajectory of Malcolm X's historic journey into the self." (Stone, p
But the fact remains that there are very few individuals who have the intelligence and the strength of character to actually live out such a philosophy, sometimes despite the best of efforts by philosophers, psychologists and sociologists. Haley's autobiography of Malcolm X succeeds in chronicling the history of a man who not only believed in the personal benefits of self-actualization but also lived it! One characteristic of self-actualized people is the ability to form one's own opinions and beliefs (Velasquez, p
Selling out on principles was against everything he stood for, and to do so would be to lead his people away from the truth and back into the hands of the entity they were opposing -- the government, the social system, the attitudes of the those in power. Malcolm essentially built on his style from his youth but transformed it into a more positive conduit, developing a "chemistry" between his own expression and the atmosphere of the times in order to push forward in a meaningful way for social change (Conger 1999:145)
Selling out on principles was against everything he stood for, and to do so would be to lead his people away from the truth and back into the hands of the entity they were opposing -- the government, the social system, the attitudes of the those in power. Malcolm essentially built on his style from his youth but transformed it into a more positive conduit, developing a "chemistry" between his own expression and the atmosphere of the times in order to push forward in a meaningful way for social change (Conger 1999:145)
But he also enabled his followers to look after themselves and make decisions based on truth and rightness. This ability to operate in all three domains depended greatly on his own personal charisma and his remarkable personality, which was built on ideas of nobility, militancy, and virtue -- all things which can appeal to individuals looking for a partner or a leader (House, Howell 1992)
Malcolm X and Leadership The Leadership Styles of Malcolm X Malcolm X was a natural born leader, according to Manning Marable in his biography Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention (2011:33). What made him so was his incessant drive and ability to command others through repetition of "pet themes" as well as his ability to speak rapidly and overtop others (Marable 2011:33)
He was not unjustly violent. In this sense, Malcolm X was the anti-Benjamin Franklin style leader, for he did not seek pragmatic solutions or to work through elites, as Franklin did (Mumford, Van Doorn 2001)
He was not unjustly violent. In this sense, Malcolm X was the anti-Benjamin Franklin style leader, for he did not seek pragmatic solutions or to work through elites, as Franklin did (Mumford, Van Doorn 2001)
The South Bronx was characterized with rapid economic deterioration following the loss of more than 500,000 jobs in the manufacturing industry between 1960s and 1970s. One of the major events that shaped the early hop-hop culture was the creation of Cross-Bronx Expressway between 1948 and 1972 (Chang, p
He was transferred from Michigan to Boston after poor performance because of racial prejudice from his English teacher. It was in Boston that Malcolm became attracted to street life and ended taking a job that took him to New York City (Haley, p
Jeff Chang's narration of what he refers to as "the hip hop generation" delves into the cultural movement that hip hop inspired and also tries to define the ambitions, hopes and nightmares of a generation whose sole unifying factor was its opposition to any stereotypes or definitions that any outsider would have attempted to impose. This is however a very difficult task to undertake, however at the very least, the movement was quite small and site-specific that Jeff Chang finds it quite easy to circumscribe: he narrates how nowadays it might be hard to imagine, but during the 1970s most of the youth and the culture which became known as hip hop could be traced only within a seven mile radius in the Bronx, New York (ABRAMOVICH)
Purpose of Statement Beliefs about the self, create obstacles and openings to mutual acknowledgement and progressive social action. The analysis focuses on the challenges that an increasingly bigger number of progressive and anti-racist whites posed to each particular movement (McCorkel and Rodriquez)
Chang notes that in Jamaica a Rastafari movement known as the "Black Nationalist Movement" started, adhering to the ideas of Marcus Garvey. The struggle to gain power amid the leading Jamaican Labor Party (JLP) and the Rastafarian-backed People's National Party (PNP), during the colonialists reign, paved way for the deadly clearing of the Back-O-Wall ghetto that had been the home for two of Rastafarian sects (Southgate)
S.'s racist culture is displayed prominently in both phases of his life (Themes, Motifs and Symbols)