He argued that the Spearman theory gave only a general factors which were depicted in the random averages of the tests that Spearman conducted or used. In this regard, Thurstone came up with seven specific areas that had to be looked at and he called these Primary Mental Abilities (PMA) and included Verbal comprehension, Word fluency, Number computation, Spatial visualization, Associative memory, Perceptual speed and Reasoning (McGraw Kevin, 2009)
Therefore, it is beyond doubt that we exercise our emotional intelligence on our daily basis. Similarly, emotional intelligence enables us to behave in accordance with the desired social rules and regulations (Goleman, Boyatzis, & McKee, 2002)
In addition, cultural change is evidenced by the fact that technological adoption seen in the current century has changed cultural perspectives of different societies across the globe. People of the 18th century relied heavily of autocracy while those of the current society rely heavily on democracy (Macleod, 2004)
Individuals can be classified as the talent smart (90% emotional intelligent), low performers (80%), and poor performers (below 70%). Irrespective of the emotional intelligence level, human beings use their emotional intelligence in their daily lives to execute as expected (Matthews, Zeidner & Roberts, 2002)
For example, scholars consider factors such as ability to be stable, effort, or internal cause, thereby, it qualification as locus of stability. Dimension of controllability focuses on contrasting the causes an individual can have control over them such as efficacy and skills (Stewart, 2006)
Moreover, we exercise our emotional intelligence when we read and understand social cues. Our demonstration to read and understand the social cues is evidenced by our abilities to interpret physical, emotional, and verbal expressions of other people (Zelen, 1991)
WAIS-IV Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV, Pearson Assessments, 2012) was designed to evaluate cognitive functioning in adults aged 16 to 90. The WAIS-IV is the most recent updated version (released in 2008) of the most commonly administered intelligence test for adolescents and adults (Canivez, 2010)
The correlation matrices indicate that the subtests have significant correlations of subtests in the same domain and are not correlated significantly with other subtests (Canivez, 2010). Confirmatory factor analyses have supported the latent structure of the indices; however, there is some concern that confirmatory factor analytic studies are more supportive of latent factors than exploratory factor analytic studies (Frazier & Youngstrom, 2007) and some critics suggest that more exploratory analyses should be used
The WAIS-IV is the most recent updated version (released in 2008) of the most commonly administered intelligence test for adolescents and adults (Canivez, 2010). The test has its roots in the Wechsler -- Bellevue Intelligence Scale (Wechsler, 1939)
(Pearson Assessments, 2012). The administration of the basic subtests is lengthy (from 60 -- 90 minutes) and the scoring procedures and interpretation are quite complex (Whiston, 2012)
would put a man on the moon, it was more about the Cold War and showing up the Soviets than merely for scientific discovery. "So we decided to engage in this major scientific and technological endeavor and prove to the world that we were second to none," Roger Launius, the curator of the Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum stated (Lamb, 2012)
The Cold War In an effort to keep pace with the technologies that the Soviets were developing the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) was created. This low-profile intelligence agency -- the DoD's answer the CIA -- worked around the clock to discover emerging Soviet military menaces and report them to Washington; because of the Top Secret nature of these subjects, the agency employed a team of artists to create highly accurate renderings of each threat, for use in policy briefings and DIA publications like Soviet Military Power (Tarantola, 2013)
For nearly two weeks in October 1962, the United States and the Soviet Union were locked in deep confrontation, with the real possibility nuclear disaster as they negotiated the existence of Soviet missile bases in Cuba. Excerpts of speeches, meeting notes, letters, and reminiscences of several key players including Kennedy, Khrushchev, and others depict this ominous situation (Valois, 1970)
One example in this sense was the British Union of Fascist (BUF). In theory, the British society was the representative of the oldest democracy in the world in which free assemblies and the freedom of political ideas was not necessarily sanctioned or seen as threatening (Cohen, 1986, p420)
In this sense, "The obvious failure to monitor effectively the recruitment of secret communists at British universities highlighted the difference; in particular MI5 ignored early reports of communist cells in British universities. Although MI5 were vaguely aware of the presence of another 'great illegal', Arnold Deutsch, in Britain during the 1930s, there was no conception of the sophistication of his recruitment propaganda, or the tradecraft on which his agents were trained" (Thurlow, 2004, p
In this sense, "The obvious failure to monitor effectively the recruitment of secret communists at British universities highlighted the difference; in particular MI5 ignored early reports of communist cells in British universities. Although MI5 were vaguely aware of the presence of another 'great illegal', Arnold Deutsch, in Britain during the 1930s, there was no conception of the sophistication of his recruitment propaganda, or the tradecraft on which his agents were trained" (Thurlow, 2004, p
Thus, "after having recognized the importance of the information fed by SIS into the delicate process of foreign policy-making, Whitehall appeared increasingly unable to distinguish good from unreliable intelligence and to interpret the information received. At the high levels (…) the limited flow of SIS intelligence was often subject to misinterpretation and misjudgment" (Williams, 2006,p162) Despite some significant achievements of the British intelligence during the 1930s, the overall image of the Service between the two world wars was not one of efficiency
However, numerous studies show that they are never exactly alike, even though they are remarkably similar in most respects. Numerous genomic tools have revealed the complex workings of the human cell, including interactions between genes and proteins in the cellular environment (Moore, 2001)
The Nurture Theory Environmental differences in how children are raised also play a significant role on intelligence. Charles Murray and Richard Herrnstein wrote the Bell Curve, in which they argued that genetics explain most of the differences in people's intelligence -- which opened the door for renewed claims that minorities are inferior by nature, simply because, as a whole, they demonstrate lower levels of intelligence (Pittman, 2003)
Nature vs. Nurture: Intelligence While it is clear that many biological traits, such as eye color, height, skin color and bone structure, are inherited from one's parents, it is not so clear whether genes predetermine talents and intelligence (Powell, 2003)