Over the years, though, S. aureus has acquired the ability to produce an enzyme (beta-lactamase) that was able to overcome the active ingredients in penicillin (Chikami & Murphy, 1998)
While the world has never been a sterile place, it would seem that one of the most prevalent and virulent of mankind's microscopic foes has always been Staphylococcus aureus. In fact, staphylococci are ubiquitous, and approximately 30% to 50% of healthy human beings will be carrying staphylococci at any one time (Eidson, Olson & Sewell, 1997)
Penicillin was highly effective at first with S. aureus, and was used extensively for this purpose with burn victims; because it is an opportunistic pathogen, once the protective skin is damaged by fire, staphylococci can enter the body, where they circulate and multiply in the bloodstream, resulting in high fevers, shock, and even death (Levy, 1992)
aureus; the bacterium's toxins are amplified by several synthetic fibers that were being used in tampons at the time to increase absorbency. As a result of this outbreak, more than 50 women died and more than a thousand suffered (Perlingieri, 2004)
, despite its considerable resources, struggled with H1N1 vaccine shortages and a developing world nation would have even greater challenges in the face of an unexpected pandemic due to a mutated virus. Topic C: Helminth or other non-malaria parasitic infections "It is estimated that over a third of the world's population, mainly those individuals living in the tropics and sub-tropics, are infected by parasitic helminths (worms) or one or more of the species of Plasmodium" (Mwangi, Bethony, & Brooker 2006)
The antibodies cannot grab tightly to the altered tips, so the virus is able to proceed with its invasion. From one flu season to the next, the evolution of the flu renders last season's vaccine useless" (Zimmer 2013)
Measles virus is part of morbiliviruses that are closely linked to a group of significant animal and human pathogens. The persistence of these viruses in certain form is a probable method through which life-long immunity is granted on an infected person (Barrett, 1987, p
25). Measles outbreak in various parts of the United States generated a national debate over vaccinations for this disease (Jenkins, 2015)
Measles is one of the vaccine-preventable diseases that have attracted considerable attention in the recent past because of its increase spread. This infectious disease is caused by measles virus, which is responsible for a childhood infection that incorporates dry cough, photophobia, maculopapular rash, conjunctivitis, and coryza (Rima & Duprex, 2011)
Even then, the few that attend such health care services are given poor service or fail to purchase the prescribed drugs or fail to adhere to the prescriptions as required. Evidently, therefore, if the health systems barriers are removed, there would be a drastic drop in mortality rates (Etten, Baltussen, Bijlmakers, & Niessen, 2006)
Out of the set of goals, three of them are directly related to health issues. They have to do with reducing child mortality, enhancing maternal health, and fighting the HIV scourge along with a range of other diseases (Travis, 2004)
Even then, the few that attend such health care services are given poor service or fail to purchase the prescribed drugs or fail to adhere to the prescriptions as required. Evidently, therefore, if the health systems barriers are removed, there would be a drastic drop in mortality rates (Etten, Baltussen, Bijlmakers, & Niessen, 2006)
Out of the set of goals, three of them are directly related to health issues. They have to do with reducing child mortality, enhancing maternal health, and fighting the HIV scourge along with a range of other diseases (Travis, 2004)
Environment - Considering parallelism of the host, pathogen's balanced environmental interactions can be helpful. The current situation in the Indonesian capital, Jakarta, can be described, with balanced host and pathogen factors' environmental interactions leading to paratyphoid and typhoid endemicity (Ali, 2006)
Mortality rate drops to around one percent with treatment. Paratyphoid symptoms are similar to those of typhoid; however, the former illness is typically a milder variant of the latter (Anon., n
Mortality rate drops to around one percent with treatment. Paratyphoid symptoms are similar to those of typhoid; however, the former illness is typically a milder variant of the latter (Anon., n
Mortality rate drops to around one percent with treatment. Paratyphoid symptoms are similar to those of typhoid; however, the former illness is typically a milder variant of the latter (Anon., n
All the above regions are characterized by one similarity -- poor sanitation and an increasing population. While very limited epidemiological information exists for projecting India's actual situation as regards the disease, some population-based and hospital researches have revealed significant changes in typhoid fever occurrence (Banerjee, et al
After such bacteria are consumed by the body, they will multiply and disperse in the person's bloodstream. his/her body will react via high body temperature and other symptoms and signs (listed previously) (Fever, 2013)
e., toxic) stage, one to ten percent chances exist of intestinal hemorrhage or perforation (Frey, 2006)