The idea is that by providing them with more information about calories and nutrition, they can be able to make more informed decisions about their health. (Review of Food and Labeling Law 2010) The issue of obesity is continuing to remain a formidable challenge for many Australians
Over the course of time, the overall diet and lack of exercise are causing the number of obesity cases that are being reported to skyrocket. (What Causes Overweight and Obesity 2010) Key Developments The number of rising obesity cases first began to appear very gradually during the early 1980's
As a UK-based study found that 70,000 lives could be saved per year, by providing effective nutritional fast food guidance to consumers. (Dique 2008) As a result, various states such as Victoria have begun to consider creating regulations that will increase the overall amounts of nutrition information to disclose to consumers
At the same time, this can affect the nation's ability to defend itself against various external threats. (Gaimbastaini 2010) A good example of this can be seen with the amount people who are unfit for military service, because they are overweight
V). Relevant Case Law from Text While due process generally only applies to government processes or decisions, even private actions can be subject to due process if the state is involved in those actions (Burton v. Wilmington Parking Authority)
XIV). Relevant Case Law from Text "Marriage is one of the "basic civil rights of man," fundamental to our very existence and survival" (Loving v. Virginia)
However, common law marriage generally requires that the couple act like a married couple. Relevant Case Law from Text Unless a state's marital laws are specific enough to clearly indicate that marriages that do not meet statutory requirements are invalid, the state can have common law marriages (Meister v. Moore)
The only requirement for such a search would be that it be given freely; that concept has been defined by the Supreme Court as requiring the officer to first return any documentation or drivers licenses in his possession and only after the subjects understood that they were at liberty to depart the scene of the initial traffic stop before being asked to consent to a vehicle search (Schmalleger, 2008) In this case, however, it appears that no consent to search the vehicle was ever sought or provided. Therefore, any such evidence (as well as any evidence subsequently derived from it) is excluded as tainted fruit of the poisonous tree (Dershowitz, 2002; Zalman, 2008)
Therefore, the subsequent search of the vehicle was impermissible and either Kim or Terry may challenge the introduction of the marijuana pipe evidence. The Search of Terry and Kim's Persons Incident to Arrest: If the arrest of either subject had been valid, the officer would have been to conduct a complete search of their personal effects and clothing, as well as of the entire vehicle (Friedman, 2005; Schmalleger, 2008)
The officer could have properly asked for consent to search, even after ascertaining that his initial suspicions about the license plate were unfounded, and even absent any reasonable suspicion about any specific crime. The only requirement for such a search would be that it be given freely; that concept has been defined by the Supreme Court as requiring the officer to first return any documentation or drivers licenses in his possession and only after the subjects understood that they were at liberty to depart the scene of the initial traffic stop before being asked to consent to a vehicle search (Schmalleger, 2008) In this case, however, it appears that no consent to search the vehicle was ever sought or provided
Had the initial traffic stop been conducted by a K-9 unit (or had a K-9 unit happened to have stopped to assist), the K-9 officer could have conducted a standard contraband detection procedure of the outside of the vehicle contemporaneous with the initial traffic stop and officer-subject contact (Schmalleger, 2008; Zalman, 2008). The Supreme Court has determined that the subjects of a valid traffic stop can only be detained a "reasonable" period of time for the purpose of conducting an external K-9 search and that the reasonableness of the time period is as much a matter of factual context as absolute time (Zalman, 2008)
Know that the government has additional powers to declare national health emergencies, necessary precautions given the anthrax scare and SARS, as I think you all will agree. (Chaddock, 2002) Disease knows no political affiliation, ultimately
Proximate cause refers to the 'foreseeability' of the injuries. That is, the plaintiff's injuries must be a foreseeable result of the defendant's conduct" (Clarke 2015)
Although mental illness is not an automatic excuse for committing a crime, if someone genuinely was unable to tell right from wrong (as in the case of the girl hearing voices in her head telling her that the second police officer was evil), he or she might be able to convincingly argue the insanity defense. Although standards differ depending upon the state and various court rulings have refined the definition over the years, in general the insanity defense rests upon the notion that "defendants are not guilty because they lacked the mental capacity to realize that they committed a wrong or appreciate why it was wrong" (Martin 1998)
Conclusion The counseling program set forth is focused first on mitigating the substance abuse issues. The efficacy of cognitive -- behavioral treatment for substance abuse is contingent on changing clients' attitudes, beliefs, and expectancies (Davis, Ottawa, & Moser, 2014)
The adverse stressors can consist of factors such as physical, sexual, and psychological abuse that can also include less severe forms of aggression such as persistent arguing, sibling aggression, and overt hostility among family members as indicated in one longitudinal study. (Herrenkohl, Lee, Kosterman, & Hawkings, 2012)
The efficacy of cognitive -- behavioral treatment for substance abuse is contingent on changing clients' attitudes, beliefs, and expectancies (Davis, Ottawa, & Moser, 2014). One study defines success in terms of harm reduction to adhere to notions of 'any positive change,' client centeredness, and low-threshold services; the participants reported changes in demarginalization, engagement in the program, quality of life, social functioning, changes in substance use, and changes in future goals and plans which all seem like good criteria to rate success (Lee & Zerai, 2010)
Despite the subjectivity, the level of self-esteem in an individual can carry many personal consequences for an individual's life. For example, self-esteem has been shown to correlate with greater confidence, less conformity, self-efficacy, optimism, risk taking and creativity (Maxwell & Bachkirova, 2010)
Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is a psychological approach that addresses problematic behaviors that occur from the recurrence of bad thoughts which can cause stress, anxiety, and many other problems. One research study used Motivational Interviewing (MI) applied using Co-Active life coaching (CALC) tools (MI-via-CALC) is a theoretically grounded, cognitive behavioral approach to lifestyle coaching to address obesity in a sample of college students (Pearson, Irwin, Morrow, & Hall, 2012)