." (Brieger, 2008) Brieger states that the Malaria Matters fund has "delivered 50 million bed nets impregnated with insecticide to families at risk of catching malaria, almost double the number that were issued a year ago
HISTORY of MALARIA The work of DeAngelis and Zuccotti (2006) states that "Malaria is an ancient disease, with description of a disease resembling malaria that date back more than 4000 years." (DeAngelis and Zuccotti, 2006) in 1880, Laveran identified the parasite responsible for malaria and was awarded the 1904 Nobel Peace Prize
Measles, Sars, Air Quality Global Health Issues Global Health Issues: Measles, SARS, and Air Quality Global Health Issues: Measles, SARS, and Air Quality Global Health Issues: Measles Measles is caused by a single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus and is easily transmitted through aerosols or secretions generated by respiratory tract activity (reviewed by De Vries, Mesman, Geijtenbeek, Dubrex, and de Swart, 2012). Following exposure to the virus, a high fever will develop after approximately 10 to 12 days (Dardis, 2012)
All others (78%) were unvaccinated. A recent study found that measles vaccination efficacy using the current vaccination schedule with a third dose at age 5 is 94% effective at age 7-10 years (Gans et al
Accordingly, large outbreaks were reported in Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East in 2011 (Perry, Gacic-Dobo, Dabbagh, Strebel, and Okwo-Bele, 2013). In the city of Lyon, France, 407 confirmed measles cases were diagnosed between 2010 and mid-2011 (Huoi, 2012)
The CDC will in turn report the same to the WHO. Poor Air Quality and Care of Respiratory Patients When the air quality index (AQI) rises above 100, patients who suffer from respiratory problems should be advised to spend less time outdoors (Laumbach, 2010)
Due to these efforts, deaths due to measles dropped by 78% between 2000 and 2008; however, the WHO predicted in 2009 that resurgence was possible because of a funding shortfall of about $60 million for 2010. Accordingly, large outbreaks were reported in Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East in 2011 (Perry, Gacic-Dobo, Dabbagh, Strebel, and Okwo-Bele, 2013)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the reporting of SARS cases can be divided into two main groups: (1) patients with severe respiratory illness and who are at risk for having been exposed to SARS-CoV (2) patients with known or suspected contact with other SARS patients (CDC, 2004). Patients belonging to the first group will have had a chest X-ray confirming pneumonia and have been inside a health clinic with poor infection-control measures, ridden frequently in taxis, or had a meal in a public place (Wu et al
Hence the occupational diseases have drawn more attention in recent times and aspect of quality of, work life started getting additional attention from employees and employees." (Munirathinam and Ramesh, 2011, p 28)
Health related problems often start with little triggers but end up complex. A sick person, who is continuously diseased, gets psychologically disturbed too (Public Health Agencies, 2009)
Initial efforts were made to use the model for predicting behavioral response to treatment given to the patient. The theory can however be used to foretell general health behaviors (Health Belief Model (HBM), 2009)
Basic Tenets of Theory of Reasoned Action The theory of reasoned action, as disused, tells how the intention towards a behavior guides and to that behavior. Behavioral intention is relative strength of intention of an individual to carry out that behavior (Theory of Planned Behavior / Reasoned Action, 2013)
However, it is proved that ethnic orientation has a considerable impact on the depression. Since in original African families, the men are supposed to be the bread winners, men have more responsibilities (Depression and African-Americans, 2013)
African-Americans and then analyzing their moods, weight, appetite, physical symptoms, irritability, restlessness, fatigue, decision making problems etc. It is found that black minority men, the African-American blacks, have high levels of depression (Louis, Graham, Robert, Aronson, Tracy, Charles, Stephens, and Scott, 2011)
Another study, which examined the curriculum content of obstetrics and gynecology residency programs in Canada and the United States found that the average number of hours devoted to lesbian health issues over the course of a four-year residency program was only 1.86 hours, with more than half of the programs reporting that they did not include any amount of education on lesbian health issues (Amato & Morton, 2002)
Despite these findings, very few factors have been found to be inherent to one's sexual identity and rather are more likely to be a result of social and societal differences in the lived experiences of sexual minorities. For example, lesbians are found to be at an increased risk for mental health issues, especially those related to depression and anxiety, but this is not seen as being a result of their sexual orientation, but rather as a result of dealing with the constant stigma associated with their sexual orientation and the inherent stress that comes along with such a burden (Austin & Irwin, 2010; Hutchinson, Thompson & Cederbaum, 2006; Fish, 2009)
Despite these findings, very few factors have been found to be inherent to one's sexual identity and rather are more likely to be a result of social and societal differences in the lived experiences of sexual minorities. For example, lesbians are found to be at an increased risk for mental health issues, especially those related to depression and anxiety, but this is not seen as being a result of their sexual orientation, but rather as a result of dealing with the constant stigma associated with their sexual orientation and the inherent stress that comes along with such a burden (Austin & Irwin, 2010; Hutchinson, Thompson & Cederbaum, 2006; Fish, 2009)
Suicide and depression are not only issues of concern for sexual minority youth. In a study of sexual minority adults and their siblings, sexual orientation was found to predict suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, self-harming behavior, use of psychotherapy and use of psychiatric medications (Balsam, Beauchaine, Mickey & Rothblum, 2005)
It may be more common that the lesbian woman would have needed to be self-sufficient for most of her life; she may not have had a husband or children, and may not be accustomed to asking for help or being taken care of. At the same time though, it is important that health care workers not too widely apply stereotypes to treating individuals, as there may be many elderly lesbian women who came out later in their lives, and therefore did have husbands and do have children (Barranti & Cohen, 2000; Fish, 2006)
Social exclusion has been directly linked to negative mental and physical health outcomes in a variety of populations (Campbell & Jovehelovitch, 2000; Culley, 2010; Fish, 2010; Marmot, 2005; Weik, Maroof, Zoller & Dinzer, 2010; Zoller, Maroof, Weik & Deinzer, 2010). From a theoretical standpoint, researchers have shown that social exclusion can lead to self-defeating behavior (Twenge, Catanese & Baumeister, 2002) and impair self-regulation (Baumeister, DeWall, Ciarocco & Twenge, 2005)