Three years later, the scientists discovered the mutation behavior of the Bt-toxin caterpillar cum moth that developed resistance to pesticides over the last ten years of introduction of the technology. This resulted in the adoption of alternatives to respond to the emergence of new strains of organisms resistant to the chemicals (Finucane & Holup, 2005)
They defined DNA recombination as the process of linking DNA of chromosomes from different plants. They demonstrated using the maize corn chromosomes that showed the ability to be cross-linked with chromosomes of plants from the grass family (Fisher, 1992)
" Despite the fact that the plants introduced the desired species, it did not produce results such as disease and pest resistance and its time consuming nature. This made it have little differences from the traditional method of cross breeding plants of the same variety to introduce the desired features (Herring, 2006)
Despite this, the issue of genetic modification of food has faced numerous criticisms in the recent past. Some scholars argue that it has negative effects on the human health and the fact that there is no empirical evidence that suggests its long-term effects on the human health (Hodge, 2009)
In addition, the farmers during this period relied on natural cross breeding to introduce the desired plant species. The system was associated with disadvantages such as its slowed ability to develop the desired species and the fact that the new plants did not have the desired characteristics such as pest and disease resistance (Prakash, 2001)
In addition there are "unknown effects on human health" that could result from genetic engineering and modifying plants genetically could potentially open the door to the creation of new allergens, Whitman continues (7). Corporate Ethics and Genetically Modified Foods An article in the peer-reviewed Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues (Daboub, et al
S. The "chemical companies and food manufacturers have a stranglehold on the system of government oversight that is supposed to ensure the safety of our food supply" (Lehner, 2012)
Conclusion There are always at least two sides to every contentious issue. To wit, the National Research Council (in 2010) issued a report that detailed "…the long and impressive list of benefits" from GM crops (Ronald, et al
Should Genetically Modified Food Products be Labeled as such? One of the most contentious issues surrounding genetically modified foods is the belief by many that consumers should be informed if the breakfast cereal or bagels -- or any products -- they are eating contain GM ingredients. Recently in California there was a proposition (Prop 37) that, if it had passed, would have required manufacturers to "…disclose labels on all foods that contain any genetically engineered ingredients except meat, milk, alcohol or foods sold in restaurants" (Weise, 2012)
An adequate food supply for those many billions of people is going to be necessary, and hence, GM food corporations have been busy planting millions of acres in GM crops, Whitman (2001) explains. Whitman notes these positives for GM food production: pest resistance; herbicide tolerance; disease resistance; cold tolerance; drought tolerance and high salt tolerance; nutritional value; the production of helpful pharmaceuticals (Whitman, 2001)
Sufficient technology exists to prevent harmful genetic material from entering the food supply unknowingly. According to the USDA economic research service, technology is able to detect even minute quantities of GM material in non-GM products and the chances of undetected cross pollination are negligible (Fernandez-Cornejo)
So the PLU code for a GM banana would be 84011 (Owen, 1998). A labeling system for GMOs already exists, but yet, some continue to push for more conspicuous labeling (Gertsberg)
GM crops have an 8 in front of the PLU code. So the PLU code for a GM banana would be 84011 (Owen, 1998)
Proponents of labeling claim that consumers have a right to know what is in the foods they consume. One concern about genetically modified foods is the potential for introduction of genes from food stuffs that are culprits in common allergies into foods that are normally considered safe for sensitive people (Schneider and Schneider)
"The central problem underlying all of this technology is not just its short-term benefits and long-term drawbacks, but the overall attempt to "control" living nature based on an erroneous mechanistic view. " (Batalion, J
This refers to indications of higher Dioxin levels in eggs. (Dioxin found in German eggs, 2005
According to an article in the Wall Street Journal entitled Genetically Modified Food Stuffs are common, but little notice, the author states that about seventy-five percent of all foods products in the United States contain some genetically modified content. (Genetically Modified Food Items Are Common
Ensuring an adequate food supply for this booming population is going to be a major challenge in the years to come. genetically modified foods promise to meet this need in a number of ways: (Whitman, Deborah B
Genetic modification also can increase the nutrients in a crop. Genetically modified golden rice, for instance, produces approximately 20 times more beta-carotene, which the body then turns into vitamin a This can help reduce the incidence of "vitamin a deficiency and childhood blindness in developing countries" (Black)
genetically modified foods can indirectly affect antibiotic resistance as well, as resistant genes enter the food chain. For the environment, pesticide resistant crops can be harmful, such as a 1999 Cornell study that expressed concern regarding the toxicity of these crops pollen to monarch butterflies (Hanten)