S. Federal Bureau of Investigation to use a national security letter in order to get any and all of the subscriber information, access logs and billing information of any individual in the Connecticut library (Foster 2006)
There are male and female students just like before, but now there is even another gender, transgender students. These students all bring their knowledge and experiences to the academic libraries, with the intention of gathering information (Helton, 2010)
If the researcher or reader is restricted in a particular point-of-view it might mean that he/she has an incomplete and narrow subject view. An example of such a case can be the banning of a controversial book from the library or allowing only a selected group of patrons to view it (Joseph, 2012)
There are set rules and standards which libraries are expected to follow by the bodies to which they belong such as the ALA, IFLA and CILIP. The ALA requires its members to challenge censorship because it's the responsibility of libraries to give access to information to all citizens (Kagan, 2008)
Most countries, both democracies and dictatorships subscribe to this declaration, because intellectual freedom is an important element of human existence. It is also found in a number of other international conventions including the European Convention on Human Rights (Article 10(1)) as well as the International Convention on Political and Civil Rights (Article 19) (Knox, 2014)
Rubel (2014) asserts that intellectual freedom is of importance to all those who work in the information industry, both at personal and professional levels. At personal levels, we are affected because we exist as part of a society, and professionally because we have to sort through our collections and decide which material to keep and which ones need to be rejected (Rubel, 2014)
Libraries should respond to changing needs in the labor market by providing material that disseminates information which is transferrable to the workplace to potential users. 8. Respect for copyrights (Verheul et al
In their article, Bunch & Frost explain the usefulness of positing "women's rights" as "women's human rights." This approach came from the situation where "women's rights" -- labeled as such -- consistently took a back seat to human rights as the result of male-dominated human-rights organizations (Bunch & Frost)
What follows, then, is a preliminary discussion of what freedom 'actually' means. Halcoff contests that there is an uncontested "core" within the broader definition of "freedom," and explains each facet of the core in detail (Halcoff 22)
MacPherson further illustrates that a main similarity in these philosophies was the belief that human society was a series of market relations (266). At this point, these theories have "failed" liberal-democratic theory (MacPherson 270) because it has made impossible a valid theory of obligation
The first chapter of "Human Rights: Literal and Ideological Perspectives" by Adamantia Pollis and Peter Schwab makes the case that a universal consensus on human rights does not exist, and that furthermore, the Western conception of human rights, maintained in doctrines such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, is exactly that: Western (1-5). As such, it does not take into account the political and economic situations, as well as cultures, of non-Western and Third World countries (Pollis & Schwab 7)
This period was characterized by the change in America's perspective of the world and its relationship with it as it sought to expand through economic forces. The federal government was critical in this period of growing American empire and developed an imperialistic strategy to safeguard and promote the country's interest throughout the entire globe (Bowles, 2011)
Native Americans Transition from Freedom to Isolation: As previously mentioned, American history begins with the political isolation of the country from the world as a virtual island between two great oceans. Ancestors of the Native Americans occupied all the habitable areas in North and South America after the last glaciers ended the first great migration to America (Guisepi, n
This has been a theme of the famous chaplain and rabbi Arnold E. Resnicoff (Greenberg 1999)
Therefore, internationally, chaplains facilitate religious freedom, not only for their own service members, but for others, as well. According to Army Regulation 165-1, Religious Support, Army Chaplain Corps Activities, "Army Chaplains represent faith groups within the pluralistic religious culture in America and demonstrate the values of religious freedom of conscience and spiritual choice" (Headquarters, Department of the Army 2009)
This requires them to help facilitate religious freedom for all of the service members under their care. In South Africa, military chaplains are seen as the guardians of "first human right - religious freedom" (Lampman 1999)
). Since the source of the conflict in the former Czechoslovakia, it was especially important that the chaplains be sensitive to local engagement possibilities, to help build ties in war-torn areas and strengthening weakened relationships (Lee, Burke and Crayne 2004)
Chaplains are required to support the free exercise of religion for all faiths (Headquarters, Department of the Army 2009). As of 2009, there were 101 faiths for active-duty personnel, including Catholics, Baptists, Jews, Buddhists, Bahai's, Mormons Wiccans, evangelicals and nearly 300,000 with no religion at all (Smietana 2009)
It is young women who get into and graduate from college far more often than young men. It is women who have made spectacular advancement in getting professional, business, and doctoral degrees (Kleinfeld, 1998
In other words, a sense of fear has been cultivated among members of the press, discouraging either honesty or accuracy in reporting, especially where culturally or socially sensitive material such as political violence is concerned. The same is true for the UAE, where the government itself has played an active role in cultivating a fear campaign against journalists (El-Baltaji, 2009)