The demand for primary care providers remained the same. (Rossiter et al
Cleveland was by far the major culprit according to this study. (Schwartz, Slater, Larson, Pierson, & Koenig, 1993) In trying to study the ER utilization by asthmatics, it is important to also understand the abilities of ERs to effectively cope with presentations such that the outcome is successful
According to the authors, the age correlations with seasonal fluctuations are important in determining asthma management programs. (Silverman, Stevenson, & Hastings, 2003) Another interesting study is how the ER is used
Other combinations combine ICSs and either anti-inflammatory agents (leukotrines) or broncodilators (theophylline), both of the long-term medications taken in the form of pills. This treatment modality was supported by a study conducted at Brown University Medical School (Simon, 2003) There is yet another school of thought that suggests combining the quick relief corticosteroid inhaler with an anti-inflammatory agent and a bronchodilator
By comparing the graphical scales for the relationship of the drugs efficacy with severity of asthma and the frequency of attacks as a measure of acuteness or chronicness, the outcomes of long-term medication can be predicted. (Skoner, 2003) The role of anti-allergic medication is important when long-term inflammation control is indicated
One of these instances was that they were not aware of what caused the difficulty in breathing; the second was that they did not know that using ICS would help with the symptoms of an acute attack. (Soriano, Rabe, & Vermeire, 2003) One of the fears of continued use of long-term ICS is that they cause stunted growth among children
A study of hospitalization of asthma patients that represented specific inner city zip code in New York showed that family income, minorities in the population and children under the age of eighteen were overwhelmingly represented. (Suarez-Varela, Gonzalez, & Martinez Selva, 1999) A 1999 Chicago study found that almost a third of inner city kindergarten children had symptoms of asthma and only ten percent had been diagnosed because their condition was particularly severe
The researchers identified a need for better education in the use of medication such that most of the symptoms could be better treated in the home. (Wasilewski et al
Patients from the suburbs were less likely to visit ERs without just cause that inner city patients. (Zimmerman et al
With the EN establishing their presence, the advantages of their practice are being accorded recognition. (Cole; Ramirez; Luna-Gonzales, 1999) Their benefits identified by Dowling and Dudley is as follows: (i) enhanced quality and patient care in a cost effective manner (ii) lowered malpractice costs and risks (iii) enhanced ED physician corporate profitability (iv) lowered actual contact time that the doctors must devote with non-urgent patients and (v) enhanced patient satisfaction
With the EN establishing their presence, the advantages of their practice are being accorded recognition. (Cole; Ramirez; Luna-Gonzales, 1999) Their benefits identified by Dowling and Dudley is as follows: (i) enhanced quality and patient care in a cost effective manner (ii) lowered malpractice costs and risks (iii) enhanced ED physician corporate profitability (iv) lowered actual contact time that the doctors must devote with non-urgent patients and (v) enhanced patient satisfaction
, 2009). In the United States, there are approximately 750,000 sepsis cases reported annually, accounting for about 600 deaths per day (Evans & Tippins, 2007), with a mortality rate ranging between 20% and 40% (Zhou et al
The urinary tract from catheters with potential spread to the bladder and kidneys; and, 5. The brain or spinal cord (Jacoby & Youngson, 2005, p
Therefore, the practicum proceeds in a series of stages that are designed to first assess nursing staff's current level of knowledge concerning the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis and then to develop training opportunities that address identified weaknesses. This strategy is consistent with the results of a study of more than 400 patients presenting with severe sepsis or septic shock at a tertiary referral center in which absolute mortality declined from 48% to 27% during a 2-1/2-year period following implementation of a resuscitation bundle (Kilgore, 2008)
1914). For clinicians, sepsis is any type of microbial infection that takes place in association with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS); consequently, the prevalence of SIRS is much greater than sepsis among hospitalized patients (Zhou, Olivier & McDonald, 2009)
Emergency rooms have become characterized by extended waiting times, which not only results in patient dissatisfaction but also force patients to look for alternative retail clinics and locations. This has contributed to the significant growth of urgent care centers in the provision of patient care over the past decade (Weinick, Bristol & DesRoches, 2009, p