These data may reflect the impact of HIV prevention activities in these areas where the perceived risk of acquiring the virus is greater. (Brown & Beschner, 1993, p
[27,28] Solomon et al. reported that Baltimore IDUs with health insurance were more likely to utilize both medical services and drug detoxification programs, [21] (Riley et al
2008). Substance abuse screening is an obvious first step in the treatment of substance abuse issues, and often the identification and acknowledgement with the patient of the substance abuse problem presents a major step forward in the patient's own acknowledgement of the issue and practice of self-care (Cox et al
This leads to other more persistent issues. Substance abuse by women often stops dramatically during a pregnancy, and studies have shown that the cessation of substance abuse and drug use usually persists into the first few months of pregnancy for the vast majority of women, even those with a long-standing history of substance abuse (Dowdell 2008)
2009). Early screening and detection of substance abuse problems in pregnant women can be highly effective, but such programs are not as widespread as they could be and thus do not reach the full number of women that could benefit medically and socially from such programs (Goler at al 2008)
Findings and Discussion: Nursing Implications Drug use among pregnant women and women of child bearing age has many implications for the practice of nursing, and these implications are not limited to the direct medical needs of substance abusers once they are identified. The actual identification of substance abusers can be very difficult, and has been the source of much scholarship and increased education efforts in many institutions and nursing bodies (Neushotz & Fitzpatrick 2008; Cox et al
The direct medical implications of substance abuse among women in general and pregnant women in particular is also, of course, a major issue in nursing. The rates of many pregnancy complications, stillbirths, and birth defects and other ongoing medical problems for children are all increased dramatically by substance abuse during pregnancy (Watson-Moss et al
By this point the use of the drug had become far too prevalent for the army to effectively combat." (Langdale, 1) So reports the article by Robins et al
No joke, they'll ruin your day every time." (O'Brien, 20) The scene carries multiple levels of interest to our discussion
Almost half of the 'general' sample tried heroin or opium while in Vietnam and one-fifth developed physical or psychological dependence." (Robins, 235) This demonstrates two patterns that connect service in Vietnam to drug use in a proportion comparable to that perceived in connection to the counterculture movement
Even Afroman, while being comedic, is frank about some of the negative side effects on quality of life that come from overuse of marijuana. Some studies have shown that different types of music correlate to the use of different drugs (Forsyth, Barnard & McKegany, 1997)
As Glazer points out, drug use among teens is becoming more prevalent. "Although teens who use drugs are still in the minority, some experts say that recent increases in the popularity of drugs, though modest, may indicate the beginnings of a new drug epidemic," (Glazer)
Hence, it is critically important that schools provide believable educational programs to warn adolescents regarding this tobacco company skullduggery. The use of cigars by adolescents - and of cigarettes - is the subject of research in the American Journal of Health Behavior (Brooks, et al
The article alludes to studies that show reasons why vis-a-vis adolescent become substance users. It goes into detail to reflect that misbehavior in school and "peer encouragement of misbehavior" are "positively associated with substance use at age 14 and with increased use over time" (Bryant, 2003, p
The seventh URL on the first page is a one-minute video on YouTube showing an African-American youth packing a cigar with marijuana. A research article in the Journal of School Health (Johnson, et al
" Of youth may help them "negotiate transitions to high school or college and avoid health risks." The Brown University Digest of Addiction Theory and Application (Monti, 2007) published a report that a substantial number of adolescents are using the Internet to "exchange information about drug use
Do tobacco manufacturers manipulate the menthol content of cigarettes in order to target young adults? The answer is "yes." Indeed, tobacco firms do manipulate the menthol content, according to a report in the American Journal of Public Health (Kreslake, et al
" These data are based on schools that have "required instruction" in those areas of health education. An article in the Journal of School Health (Summerlin-Long, 2008) details "tobacco-free school" (TFS) policies; the article references "positive reports" from "key informants" in 46 school districts in North Carolina that had passed TFS policies between December 2001 and August 2005
Caetano (1997, 565-572). noted in his studies that the incidence of alcohol abuse in the American society appear to be coined around socio-cultural, psychological and biological factors, (Bachman, O'Malley and Johnston (2004, 629-645) also shared the same observation in their studies as they are quoted saying that "a child who has a parent with alcohol-related disorder has higher chances of becoming an alcoholic unlike a child whose parent doesn't suffer from the same
Research that does show a tie to economic factors and substance abuse are also tied to other factors. In addition to the neighborhood being economic depressed, as indicated by such things as childhood poverty rate and economic resources present within the community, amount of vacant housing and ratios of rented homes to occupant-owned homes, and unemployment rates, these communities were influenced by other issues, such as poor educational facilities and high rate of school dropouts (Allison et