Whether a formative or summative evaluation is needed to ensure the evaluator accomplishes the goals and objectives of the court should also be considered. Formative evaluation is a "method of judging the worth of a program while the program activities are forming or happening, formative evaluation focuses on the process" (Bhola, 1990)
Other studies can help determine exactly what type of individual commits crimes and how to deter them from doing so. As an example, one study showed that "drug users, especially heavy users, commit a disproportionate amount of crime" (Chaiken & Chaiken, 1982) and another study shows that "studies of restorative justice demonstrate the complexity of implementing and evaluating an alternative approach to traditional criminal justice processing" (Bonta, Wallace-Capretta, Rooney, McAnoy, 2002, p
Other studies can help determine exactly what type of individual commits crimes and how to deter them from doing so. As an example, one study showed that "drug users, especially heavy users, commit a disproportionate amount of crime" (Chaiken & Chaiken, 1982) and another study shows that "studies of restorative justice demonstrate the complexity of implementing and evaluating an alternative approach to traditional criminal justice processing" (Bonta, Wallace-Capretta, Rooney, McAnoy, 2002, p
Other evaluative measures taken in the criminal justice system assists the system in determining whether the defendant or prisoner is being rehabilitated. A recent study determined that "analyzing consequences of interventions, the impact of labels and the outcomes of treatment systems are essential" (Clancey, Howard, 2006, p
¶ … criminal procedure and the idiosyncrasies of criminal practice vary widely from jurisdiction to jurisdiction" (Jaros, 2010, p
Oftentimes evaluations can determine if the individual who committed the crime can be admitted to programs that are designed to help them. Programs such as the MERIT program help to "break the drug -- crime cycle by involving defendants in treatment and rehabilitation" (Merit, 2006)
Although many experts can argue concerning discussions and conclusions of quantitative results, very few of these experts will argue with the numerical aspects of those conclusions However, not all experts agree that studies that use quantifying methodologies are effective in the area of criminal justice. A 2005 article by Max Travers suggested that a "provisional critique" of the criminal justice evaluation should include a footnote on the fact that evaluation research is "predicated on a misguided notion of objectivity" (Travers, 2005, p
The CST offers an evaluators the opportunity to examine the circumstances around the crime and the individual who committed the deed. One expert wrote "it is clear that competence evaluations can considerably impact criminal proceedings and a defendant's liberty" (Warren, Murrie, Steiskal, Colwell, Morris, Chauhan, Dietz, 2002)
There are numerous examples of using both research methodologies in the same study to complement each other. One expert tells how a recent study using both was conducted by stating "the questionnaire was conducted through a face-to-face interview with the day-shift officer permanently assigned to the housing unit of each prisoner in the random sample" (Williams, Lindquist, Hill, Baillargeon, Mellow, Greifinger, Walter, 2009, p
One study reports that "in all but one of 328 Alabama cases the court accepted the mental health professional's opinion -- a 99.6% agreement rate between the court and evaluator" (Zapf, Hubbard, Galloway, Cox, Ronan, 2004, p
"The six standards they propose are that the work should have clear goals, require adequate preparation, make use of appropriate methods, produce significant results, demonstrate effective presentation, and involve reflective critique." (Cranton, 2000) Our typical lesson plan contained: Heading Data, (i
On a daily basis, I am permitted to help shape our future through the process of teaching eager minds. "While you may not see firsthand the love of learning you have instilled in a child or the sense of responsibility that paves the way for a child to become successful in life, you have planted the seed that will someday grow beyond your wildest dreams!" (Murray, 2002) Therefore, the objective of this portfolio narrative is to capture that before mentioned spirit and present these combined experiences in a format that can be used to receive college-level credits equivalent to my professional work history, insights, experiences and knowledge of the educational process
You'll also find it can be tough, rough and discouraging." (Williamson & Thornton, 1998) Special children have other unique challenges as well
Over the next century, England notably developed the Elizabethan style, the Jacobean style and the Georgian style. The furniture was designed by Chippendale, Sheraton and Hepplewhite (who took his inspiration and some of his designs from Robert Adam) (Harwood, 2002, p
He had designed and built very few houses and was remembered mostly for his interiors, so he focused completely on designing interior decorations and furnishings. The Palladian design was popular and he decorated the interiors of several country homes in this style (Roth, 1993, p
Epidemiological Study Designs When doing an epidemiological study there are specific designs that are most commonly used. Cohort studies are done by looking at a healthy group of people and then following them to see if they develop a particular disease over time (Goodman, Buehler, & Koplan, 1990)
The last of the studies in the case-control study. This study design involves choosing people who already have a specific disease (Neutra, 1990)
This case series type of study has a large margin for error when it comes to bias, though, because it is easy for a researcher to misinterpret something that the patient is doing. Without a control group, this becomes more likely (Yehuda & McFarlane, 1995)
Scientists often use statistical analysis, called regression analysis, to plot the relationship between the different variables studied in experiments. For example, noise at a moderate level might enhance or not inhibit studying, while very loud, ear-splitting levels of noise might make study impossible (Rumsey 2007, p
Analytic Epidemiology Designs: In 2011, the United States Food and Drug Administration reported a shortage of vital chemotherapy drugs, which in turn interfered with clinical trials and contributed to probable challenges in evaluating data from those studies. According to the National Institutes of Health, considerable research trials were hindered by shortages of drugs for treatment of infectious diseases and cancer (Allen, 2011)