Mao meant to be China's visionary leader -- even though he was far from that. Mao had already offered his mea culpa for the Great Leap Forward when, in 1959, he stated, "The chaos was on a grand scale, and I take responsibility" (Johnson 1992:551)
A. view democracy as something to be theoretically pursued (a kind of object-goal), China views its political system and the rule of law "as a means to achieving larger national ends" (Li 2012)
As China embraces a new rule of law, it also embraces the modern machine of bureaucracy. Bureaucracy "is an organizational model rationally designed to perform tasks efficiently" (Macionis 2006:120)
Google is one example of a Western company that has found it difficult to break into the Chinese market. Due to Chinese government censorship, Google found itself faced with a "conflict between its 'Don't be evil' maxim and its mission 'to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful'" (Mendelson 2010:3)
Such modernity, however, is highly dependent upon China's ability to operate according to a respectable rule of law. Therefore, everywhere in China the rule of law is touted as the center of its new and rising ethos (Peerenboom 2002:1)
In less abstract terms and in more practical terms, China's rule of law may be illustrated in the way its political system functions. China's government operates by means of an annual "two sessions" -- "big political events of contemporary China…[that] include all aspects of the national economy and the people's livelihood" (Shuzhen 2010)
trade deficit with China has vastly increased as Western jobs were lost and China was accused of currency manipulation. The question facing China is whether it can maintain Communist rule in the face of international demands (Vietor, Galef 2006:3)
However, agents for socialization and the rule of law in China today -- namely, media, parents and peers -- have a tremendous influence on the way law, politics, and the economy are perceived in the country. These agents help draw members of communities into economic decisions, such as establishing brand loyalty (Zaharah 2006), which in turn affects the economic and political state of the country
Even Mao had stated the importance of looking into Confucianism -- but of course it had to be balanced against the all-important teachings of Marx. Mao stated that it was their task "to study our historical legacy and evaluate it critically with the Marxist method" (Zhang, Schwartz 1997:195)
They see the American expansion and threatening and even dangerous, and want American culture to stay put in America, where they feel it belongs. As one protester noted in the Cohen article, "What we reject is the idea that the power of the marketplace becomes the dominant force in all societies, and that multinationals like McDonald's or Monsanto come to impose the food we eat and the seeds we plant" (Cohen 2)
Writer Watson compares this globalization as a much darker form of imperialism. He writes, "American academe is teeming with theorists who argue that transnational corporations like McDonald's provide the shock troops for a new form of imperialism that is far more successful, and therefore more insidious, than its militarist antecedents" (Watson 2)
As opposed to the Ricardian model of trade, which assumed that trade occurs because countries use their technological comparative advantage to specialize in the production of different goods. (Feenstra, 2007, 95-96)
As opposed to the Ricardian model of trade, which assumed that trade occurs because countries use their technological comparative advantage to specialize in the production of different goods. (Feenstra, 2007, 95-96)
First and foremost among these is the possibility for increased infant mortality and abandonment. Population policies have been linked to infant abandonment in China, in reports of government officials examining taxation on welfare centers which generally increases when any "crackdowns" occur in birth planning policies (Banghan et
The author suggests that modern science and technology are responsible for highlighting the connection between population and prosperity, and suggests that philosophers and scientists have come to conclude that human welfare, order and utility is enhanced when population controls are in place. Population in China has been characterized by government officials as a 'national crisis' suggesting that a drastic solution be required for the well being of the Chinese people as a whole and the economic and global ascent of the nation (Greenhalgh, 2003)
Her study revealed that such policies unwittingly result in a cultural change in attitudes, beliefs and even behaviors exhibited by children. For example, couples may lean toward the decision that having more than one child "cramps their economic style" and that may lead to the one child being spoiled and the 'babyhood' period being drawn out (Hall, 1987)
Johnson (1994) suggests that institutional and economic changes are necessary that will alleviate the need for sons to be born as a source of social security, and this might relieve the burden placed on many women to have sons. Generally one child policies and other "high pressure" birth planning policies are thought to fail because they do not actually lower the number of children being born, but rather simply contribute to the number of infants being abandoned (Johnson, 1994; Banghan et
Li (2002) presents evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey as well as other resources to provide ethnographic information regarding the recent effects of the one child policy among the Han Chinese. China has changed substantially from a demographic perspective from a country that was highly fertile to one that is considered a "nearly below replacement level of fertility" (Li, 2002)
al, 1998). Also underway is a test program in six counties where a voluntary birth planning policy is being put in place, where birth planning is encouraged without strict adherence to quotas or fines and punishments for families that choose not to participate in the program (Sly, 1998; Banghan et
¶ … Child Han China's One Child Policy The population of China has been exploding in the last several decades, with reports of more than 549 million people in the early 20th century alone (Smith, 1991)