SIPSO emphasizes perception of the patient and includes assessment of the quality of activities and interaction. (Trigg, Wood and Langton, 1999) major study at Cornell University was undertaken to study the biological mechanisms associated with job strain on blood pressure and consequently on CVD
In North America and Western Europe, CVD still represents a significant public health problem - indeed, a pandemic. In the former Soviet Union and other eastern European countries, CVD morbidity and mortality have increased dramatically over the last 30 years (Wrzesniewski et al
3% (Representing 1 in 2.8) of all deaths in the year 2004 were as a result of cardiovascular disease (Xu et al
The scale of this study was quite large in scope, as 1203 men were examined. Specifically, the study determined a significant dose-dependent relationship between periodontal disease and coronary heart disease in men under the age of 60 years, independent of smoking, body mass index, alcohol consumption, age, education, blood pressure, income, marital status, and occupation (Dietrich et al
, 2007). Furthermore, a shared genetic factor may be considered to be less likely of a confounding variable in the association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease based on the results of this study (Fisher et al
This study consisted of a total of 250 participants, 110 of which had verified coronary heart disease and 140 did not have coronary heart disease. Several factors were assessed for all participants including smoking habits, diabetic status, physical activity, levels of alcohol consumption, household income, school attendance, height and body weight, serum cholesterol, and triglycerides (Geismar et al
The subjects in the study were 3,300 males and 4,374 females that ranged in age from 20 to 89 years old. Cause of death of the subjects was examined in relation to a number of factors, including number of teeth remaining, number of deepened periodontal pockets, severity of periodontitis, and bleeding upon probing (Holmlund et al
After adjusting for factors such as socio-economic status, lifestyle, and disease history, the authors estimated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for mortality. Results of the study indicated that some oral symptoms of periodontal disease may be significant predictors of death due to cardiovascular disease (Ide et al
All the subjects underwent detailed dental examinations including radiographic imaging, as well assessments of teeth, gums, and soft tissue health, hygiene, measurement of periodontal pocket depth, and bleeding upon probing. Results indicated that twins with coronary heart disease demonstrated significantly more symptoms of periodontal disease than twins without heart disease, while no significant difference was found for any other factors including marital status, smoking, employment, education, income, or body mass index (Tabrizi et l
, 2012). Cardiovascular disease (4-6 sentences are enough) The leading cause of mortality and morbidity in developed nations is cardiovascular disease (CVD) (Barallobre-Barreiro, et al