In order to maintain the competitiveness of their exports, these economies made an all out effort to keep their real effective exchange rate -- REER from rising. (Das, 1999, p
In order to remain competitive, a lot of nations devalued their own currencies which automatically heightened the debt owned by those companies whose loan contracts made an obligation to devalued local funds to repay in foreign currencies that were still strong. (Ito, 1999, p
The Hong-Kong dollar in the first place had to bear the onslaught of the Asian crisis with the banking system getting affected. (Jao, 2001, p
This means banks accept deposits with short-term maturities for instance three months to finance loans having maturities of longer period for instance a year or more. (Moreno, 1998, p
The currency crises also brought to light acute problems within the banking and financial sectors of the burdened Asian economies. (Nanto, 1998) distinctive characteristic of the currency crisis has been the assortment currency banking and debt crisis
Presently, Asian companies are needed to make and sustain real changes within their businesses in order to remain competitive. (Richter, 2002, p
Presently, Asian companies are needed to make and sustain real changes within their businesses in order to remain competitive. (Richter, 2002, p
In order to instill confidence, corporations as well as need to adopt efficient as also transport mechanisms along with the structures relating to economic forms of management. (Snyder; Solomon, 1998) The East Asian crisis of 1998 was significant in effect that it arrived soon following the public declaration of the efficiency of the economic models of the Asian tiger economies
(10) It does not matter precisely how this belief is described, since on both views parents legitimately exercise extensive and virtually unlimited control over their children." (LaFollette, p
Many psychodynamic theorists have become rich and famous by attributing adult personality to toilet training, mother-infant bonding, infant-parent attachment, good enough mothering, parental empathy, separation-individuation, etc." (Spett, p
In New York, overweight and obesity is more prevalent in African-Americans than other people in New York. Between 2003 and 2007 obesity prevalence in New York was at a record high among low income neighborhood people (Department for health,2013)
According to Francis, an East-Asian Union would prevent domination of the region by any single major power, but there are some constraints involved that must be resolved before such gains can be realized. In this regard, Francis adds that, "The determining factor will be ASEAN's ability to provide the leadership necessary to create a strong, independent East Asian Union" (Francis, p
Moreover, ASEAN is actively promoting regional alliances such as the Asian Free Trade Area (AFTA) to balance the existing hegemony enjoyed by the United States and its Western allies. The potential payoff for the member states of an East-Asian Union are enormous and may equal or exceed the economic clout currently wielded by the United States and the European Union (Gowan 2003)
It is here that the review of such existing work is important. A literature review is the background to the research, where it is important to demonstrate a clear understanding of the relevant theories and concepts, the results of past research into the area, the types of methodologies and research designs employed in such research, and areas where the literature is deficient" (Gratton & Jones, p
722). The primary advantage of this approach is that a subject area can be investigated in depth and with great attention to detail (Leedy, 1997)
Cherry Blossom Viewing at Asuka-yama. Source: Cherry Blossoms in Japanese Art and Culture (Cargile, 2009)
Faced with the prospect of self-education and self-reliance during turbulent times, Confucius strived to make order out of the chaos of feudalism. "With energy and utter selflessness, Confucius set about to bring order and peace to his age," (De Bary 16)
But it is primarily in "the manner in which they have viewed the place of ethnic history has largely determined their understanding of nations and nationalism today." (Smith, 1994, 18) Starkly defined nationalists stress that the role of the past is clear and unproblematic
But it is primarily in "the manner in which they have viewed the place of ethnic history has largely determined their understanding of nations and nationalism today." (Smith, 1994, 18) Starkly defined nationalists stress that the role of the past is clear and unproblematic
India also did not enjoy monopoly in the field of foreign trade" (Mishra, 2001). The lack of tangible evidence regarding Indian cultural expansion has resulted in the supposition of various theories regarding the motives and the procedure of the transfer of Indian cultural elements to Southeast Asia (Aung-Thwin, 1997)