If machines become capable of these same decision-making processes and understandings, they would logically require personhood, unless of course the idea of freewill in humans is abandoned or modified. Perhaps with a better understanding of how the human mind works, adapts, and makes decisions, scientists can begin to better understand whether or not freewill is truly built into the human brain or if it is an illusion made up of tiny micro-decisions and algorithms that relate back to a person's genetic makeup, past experiences, and environmental considerations (Bostrom, 2009)
History of the AI Concept AI has been a human concept for thousands of years. As far back as Ancient Greece, philosophers and thinkers were dreaming of a master-crafted machine capable of intelligent thought and action (Ekbia, 2008)
As any psychologist can attest, when human beings do not know something, or are unfamiliar with a person or thing, they often begin to fear it. During the post war period, many science fiction stories, novels, and movies were made that reflect this shift in the psyche of Americans and others around the globe (Floreano and Mattiussi, 2008)
This theorem suggests that the computing speed and memory capacity of computers doubles every two years. This has been the case and currently, computers are developing slightly faster than the theorem would suggest (Goertzel and Pennachin, 2007)
This is yet another example of how AI technology has allowed humans to become more efficient, but has not overcome the need for humans within the applications themselves. Another place where AI technologies hold promise is within the medical field (Li and Du, 2008)
The adoption of AI into normal life has helped to raise the question of whether or not humans will ever interact with their world in the same manners again to the forefront of the scientific and ethics circles (Ekbia, 2008). Just as people's minds were being seeded with thoughts of machines run wild in the 1940's, 1950's, and 1960's, people in the modern world often see AI as a double-edged sword, capable of bringing many modern comforts and conveniences while, at the same time, representing a cold, calculated threat to the near-sacred human ability to reason and engage in acts of freewill (McCarthy, 2007)
However, if these functions re coupled with the mind-bending computational speeds and memory storage capacities of humanity's most technologically advanced AI technologies, thee is room and possibility that a human-like brain structure could emerge, as long as this structure was allowed time to learn and grow from the humble beginnings given to it by its programmers (Floreano and Mattiussi, 2008). Just as the human brain is not created with the information that is eventually stored within it, the organic hybrid AI brain would need sufficient time and experience to understand the world around them in a way to begin to make meaningful human-like decisions (Minsky, 2006)
Complex processes and computations can occur within a computer system, and according to Moore's Law, an AI equivalent to the human brain will exist around the year 2029, based upon the human brains known memory and computational capacities. However, there is much skepticism surrounding this claim since AI programmers and scientists have only just begun to develop technologies like neural nets and genetic algorithms (Thomaz and Breazeal, 2008)
Ethical Considerations One of the biggest reasons why many scientists and experts feel that AI technology will never truly eclipse the human ability to adapt and compute within the world around them is the fact that there're many significant ethical considerations to be made before such an event ca be allowed to take place. One such ethical consideration stems from the idea that AI technology that is capable of acting in a human way could be considered an individual itself, with rights, feelings, and emotions (Torrance, 2008)
Why Humans? Processes and Elements The human brain is full of processes, both known and unknown, that generate human behavior and decision-making. From a mechanical standpoint, it would be impossible to create a machine complex enough to mimic the human brain (Wallach, Franklin, and Allen, 2010)
This subject is about the completeness of the design to replicate in computer's performance. Nerve system organizes information so thoroughly and acts like "electro-chemical processor" (Chan & Petrie, 1998)
There is the ability to manipulate symbols that human often demonstrates. Human brain can show different ability, or different responds that people show, although they receive the same information, perform on the same medium and complete the same task (Dunn, 2002)
The function of robots, as the most common feature in recent artificial intelligence researches, is also based on the ability of the robots to recognize information and input from the operator or the sensory devices installed in the system. The common intelligence tests in current education process usually count the ability of students to perform "memory ability" (capability to receive information, memorizing, recognizing), and "abstract analytical abilities" (involves analysis, making judgments, making comparison, and evaluation) (Sternberg, 1998)
The audio analysis is optionally augmented by a digital analysis of the facial image, using fuzzy analyis and weighting methods to compare and match the caller's image with an established image record in the subscriber database. The need for complex algorithms and cryptographic measures to protect sensitive personal data is also averted with this AI-based method, resulting in a valid, non-invasive authentication carried out in real time, with minimal disruption and inconvenience to the mobile system users (Bhattacharjee et al
As the automation level of the attack modules evolves and increases, so too must the design of the defense procedures and methods improve to protect against them. This space is therefore an area of extremely high information security risk, which is highly dynamic and constantly changing (Gold, 2009)
"Advanced real-time techniques based on modeling, sensor analysis, and intelligent agents inte- grated with traditional procedural and statistical methods can recognize, filter, and correlate events and data collected by various sensors and sources. These techniques support the capability to provide automated feedback to correct the problems including useful advice to a human to take actions and prevent ongoing attacks (Hentea, 2007)
"Advanced real-time techniques based on modeling, sensor analysis, and intelligent agents inte- grated with traditional procedural and statistical methods can recognize, filter, and correlate events and data collected by various sensors and sources. These techniques support the capability to provide automated feedback to correct the problems including useful advice to a human to take actions and prevent ongoing attacks (Hentea, 2007)
For accomplishing this, expenses related to procurement of its computer system have to be justified, normally via a benefit-cost analysis. Evidence exists to show that companies are seriously taking into consideration the need to procure cost-justified technological enhancements and, where these have been procured, are profiting from them (Hoskins & Frank, 2003)
Visibility across different business systems, spanning various products and applications. Global Business Services (GBS) is the professional services department at IBM; it includes the company's management consulting, application management, and systems integration resources ((TDWI -- Training & Research -- Business Intelligence, Analytics, Big Data, Data Warehousing, 2015)
Advantages ABM has the following advantages over other techniques of modeling: (i) It can capture emerging phenomena; (ii) it offers natural system descriptions; (iii) it is a time- and cost- efficient approach; and (iv) it is flexible. However, clearly, ABM's capacity of handling emergent phenomena drives its remaining advantages (Castle & Crooks, 2006; Bazghandi, 2012)