Among the identified psychological disorders in the field of abnormal psychology, it is anxiety disorder that can be said as the most common yet unexplored category. The reason for this is that although anxiety disorders are more frequently experienced, this area has not been thoroughly explored, especially in determining its etiology and forms of effective treatment (Barlow, 2000:2529)
Anxiety disorder, particularly panic disorder, has been analyzed and developed in the context of prevailing theories at specific times in the history of abnormal psychology. One theory from which panic disorder has been identified and analyzed is through the cognitive theoretical perspective, which explained panic disorder as a combination of heightened "internal bodily sensations," such as "catastrophic thoughts" that are then translated to increased bodily sensations, manifested finally as a panic attack (Bouton, 2001:5)
To this end, an individual who seeks positive reactions and others' acceptance is more likely to develop feelings of inferiority and insecurity than one who places more emphasis on competitiveness (Schneier, 2006). Emotional Influences: in addition to determining how a person feels, emotions determine the situation or environment in which an individual will engage, as well as the condition of such engagement (Hedman et al
, 2013). This has been attributed to genetics, and the fact that children acquire avoidance and social fears through parental psychosocial education and the process of observational learning (Schneier, 2006)
The sponsor, however, who still believes in Elling's talent and openly favors him over the rest, obtains professional help for him; and only then does Elling get diagnosed with social anxiety disorder (SAD). The Multidimensional Model to Abnormal Behavior Whereas one-dimensional models attribute psychopathology to a single, specific cause; multidimensional models posit that various reciprocal influences interact to yield the etiological processes that give rise to abnormal behavior (Wakschlag et al
After the 12-week course of therapy, EEG readings of the people who received CBT resembled those of the control group who had low levels of social anxiety. By contrast, the earlier delta-beta coupling patterns seen before the talk therapy more closely resembled those with high anxiety levels…" (Mann, 1)
These symptoms would make the person unable to perform their daily activities, attend school, or work, socialize with friends, and taking care of their vital tasks. People suffering from PTSD are prone to depression, anxiety disorders, or substance abuse (Andreasen, 2011)
The symptoms are grouped into three categories namely re-experiencing symptoms, avoidance symptoms, and hyperarousal symptoms. Re-experiencing symptoms involves flashbacks to the traumatizing event repeatedly (Roberts, 2003)
Based on research conducted by other scientists, one can see that there is need for further research in order to determine the effects of the various risks and resilience factors. Introduction Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder a person will develop after been exposed to a traumatizing, horrific, or life-threatening situation (Stanley C. Krippner & Pitchford, 2012)
(p. 31) Why and how people become depressed or have anxiety Researchers, for the most part, agree that heredity influences susceptibility to depression (Fendukian and Wilson, 2008; Surgeon General, 1998)
One interpretation of this finding is that the depressed spouse's continual reassurance-seeking -- in combination with the seeking of negative self-image confirmation -- results in rejection of the reassurance, which is confusing and frustrating to the care giving partner. Several researchers (Heene, 2007; Keitner, 2005; Kung, 2000; Mead, 2002) have observed that marital distress and depression appear to have a bidirectional effect on each other
Both depression and anxiety are more common among women than men. For both disorders, the average female-to-male ratio is about 2:1 (Kung, 2000; NIMH, 2009)
Somatic anxiety symptoms are common, as are sporadic panic attacks (Surgeon General, 1998). The following describes in verse a college student's anxiety episode (Schutz, 2006)
If the stage of depression is identified, the client learns strategies and practices them to keep his or her mind free of anxiety, such as meditation and coping techniques, finding underlying attitudes that contribute to one's depression, deciding on medication and therapy and in using these skills to think realistically, as well as learning to have fun, one can overcome and break the depression cycle. (Bieling, 2003) References Barrett, S
If the stage of depression is identified, the client learns strategies and practices them to keep his or her mind free of anxiety, such as meditation and coping techniques, finding underlying attitudes that contribute to one's depression, deciding on medication and therapy and in using these skills to think realistically, as well as learning to have fun, one can overcome and break the depression cycle. (Bieling, 2003) References Barrett, S
it's equally hard to find people with anxiety who don't have some depression." (Davis, 2006) Sadness, depression, and anxiety are often triggered by life events
Financial pressures, relationships and family problems can trigger this triple response and this may be considered normal, but it is not normal when the feelings become so intense that they keep one from everyday functions, affecting one's quality of life and affecting judgement. (Friis, 2002, p
Anxiety, or "stress," may be chronic (trait anxiety) or temporary (state anxiety) and is often triggered by life events brought on by uncontrolled circumstances or created by the stressor. (Garnefski, 2001) Anxiety and panic disorders affect an estimated 2
Panic attacks are twice as common in women as in men. (Hitti, 2006) Short-term stress doesn't have the same effect as long-term stress, as the following study shows
For instance one therapist suggests that patients who are experiencing anxiety actually "allow themselves to feel the storm [of anxiety within] whip up, then let it pass, concentrating on not doing anything," rather than retreating to the hectic, hurrying busyness that is often the instinctive treatment for anxious feelings. (Carey, 2004) "This Zen-like self-observation, called mindfulness, is an exercise not in avoidance but in feeling and enduring emotional pain