Located just below the area of the body commonly referred to as the "Adams Apple" or larynx, the thyroid actually originates in the back of the tongue when a body is still in utero and makes its way to the front of the neck through further development before birth. The normal adult thyroid gland weighs an average of 10 to 20 grams, and it receives its nourishment from bilateral superior and inferior thyroid arteries and a small artery called thyroid ima (Fleseriu and Skugor 162)
In situations where thyroid hormones are not able to successfully act within the context of the body, the capacity for medical issues to arise from such an absence in hormone distribution escalates significantly. For instance, as synthesis and secretion of the thyroid hormones depend on the presence of iodine and tyrosine as well as the maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system, any interruption of this development, as occurring with premature delivery, results in inadequate production of thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroxine, which can lead to a variety of physiologic conditions within the body (Kirsten 12)
Additionally, the thyroid acts as a passage through with hormones -- which are the body's main unit for communication -- travel and affect the rest of the body. The basic function of the thyroid gland is to take iodine, found in many foods and convert it into thyroid hormones, which are then released into the blood stream and are transported throughout the body where they control the body's metabolism -- or the conversion of oxygen and calories into energy (Mareib 21)
The production of these hormones are absolutely essential to the body's growth, development and maintenance, as every cell in the body depends upon these thyroid hormones for regulation of their metabolism, which directly effects the way in which these specific cells function to maintain the body's health. The hormones that are secreted by the thyroid are essential to the body, and are found within nearly every cell in the body with only the adult brain, spleen, testes, and uterus being immune to their effects (Steinberg 1)
His most notable manuscript, the "Anatomy of the Human Body" provided several generations of medicine and anatomy students with important information that assisted them in getting a better understanding of the human body. The book has also been especially helpful for artists that were concentrated on representing the human body as true as possible, given that its illustrations were particularly realistic (Gray learnt anatomy primarily through studying bodies)
"His artist's interest in the particular and the concrete, which inspires his careful, precise and accurate observation, is carried further by his inordinate curiosity into a detailed analytic study of the factors involved," wrote the author of The School of Padua and the Emergence of Modern Science. (Randall 123) At times, those observations were carried out in conditions modern people wouldn't dream of enduring
The brain is as complicated as a computer with its many nerve cells that make up the complicated network of the brain. "The human brain is more intricate than the world's most complex computers, while actually transmitting more electricity than a big screen television" (Christie 2000)
Learning Syles-10 The findings demonstrated the right-brain dominant individuals outperformed the left-brain and mixed-brain dominant students. "These findings run counter to the notion that analytically-oriented left-brain individuals should do better at cognitively-oriented computer tasks than individuals who are either right-brain or mixed-brain dominant" (McCluskey and Parish 1993)
Subjects were asked to scan each picture. Each subject was given 16 exposures of the picture in which they were to learn (Nagae 1994)
The left hemisphere is more linear, verbal analytic, and logical. The cerebral hemispheres control the opposite sides of the body (Savage 2002)
She states that the whole person is served when students are taught with consideration to the hemispheric preferences. Hemispericity is the term implying 'the intriguing possibility that individuals have a tendency to one hemisphere and its mode of thought than the other" (Sonnier 1991)
The Brain The human brain consists of over one hundred billion nerve cells. This is "organized into a system of sense, process, store, information received from both the external environment and from internal factors" (Winkley 1999)
In summary, the muscles that are weakened are those that facilitate extension and those that are essential in providing support in the posterior structures of the knee: the semimembranous, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius, and poplietus muscles. Biomechanics Biochemically, the knee joint is one of the largest joints of the human skeletal system and it is also the most complex (Fish and Costa, 1998)
In acquired genu recurvatum, the range of motion is usually unilateral, which means it is more than fifteen degrees, while in constitutional genu recurvatum it is less than 15 degrees, hence symmetric. Genu recurvatum can also be defined in terms of the radiographic relationship between the femur and the tibia where it is classified as simple hyperextension, anterior subluxation, or anterior dislocation (Graham, 2007)
The muscles The muscles associated with condition include: the quadriceps femoris popliteus and gastrocnemius muscles, whose weakness is one causative factor of the condition. The popliteus muscle is stressed in an individual who portrays genu recurvatum (Loudon, Goist and Loudon, 1998)
Individuals with genu recurvatum, therefore, stress the posterior structure of their knees. In ballet for example, slight genu recurvatum is desirable because there is more anterior placement of the upper body and the trunk, which shifts the dancer's center of gravity at the front of the knee and produces a gentler S-curve line, a much preferred line on point, instead of a straight line (Shrader, 1996)