Trust is such a critical catalyst of e-commerce websites that without it, any online initiative would eventually fail and go bankrupt without it (Kord, Yaghoubi, Khani, Esmaeali, 2011). In an era of skepticism and distrust, consumers today look for assurance of e-commerce sites being secure, financially stable and capable of not only completing the transaction but also being able to protect consumer privacy (Antoniou, Batten, 2011)
In an era of skepticism and distrust, consumers today look for assurance of e-commerce sites being secure, financially stable and capable of not only completing the transaction but also being able to protect consumer privacy (Antoniou, Batten, 2011). The determinants of trust include certifications of online retailers by third party services denoting safety and security of transaction applications, certifications and certificates showing protection form malware, and visible evidence of strong security measures including 128-bit encryption for transactions (Beatty, Reay, Dick, Miller, 2011)
Given the global nature of online transactions, why consumer trust differs across cultures? There are a myriad of factors involved in why consumer trust differs significantly across cultures. Of the many frameworks that have attempted to define these differences, one of the most effective in understanding why trust differs so significantly is the Hofstede Model of Cultural Dimensions (Hofstede, 1983)
All of these factors are combined to form the expectations of customers purchasing over website and through e-commerce channels. Trust is such a critical catalyst of e-commerce websites that without it, any online initiative would eventually fail and go bankrupt without it (Kord, Yaghoubi, Khani, Esmaeali, 2011)
The ruling of the court barred Microsoft from bundling the IE with Windows on the ground that the Microsoft action attempted to eliminate the Netscape from competitive landscape. (Lenard, 2000)
Rather, the company was trying to improve the consumer welfare by charging low or give away price for its software. (Reddy, David, and Albert, 2000)
One of the negative effects of monopoly is that it discourages consumers to make a choice from wide variety of products thereby reducing the aggregate welfare of consumers. (Stigler, 2013)
In 1990s, the Department of Justice investigated Microsoft for various antitrust allegations, and the government accused the Microsoft of using its monopoly power of its PC (personal computer) operating system to harm competitors and exclude rivals. (Stucke, 2013)
Once the trust has been broken, it is difficult to repair. Even though trust can be rebuilt by apologizing and giving a detailed explanation of what went wrong, organizations must sometimes go to great extents to gain the trust back (Poppo and Schepker, 2010)
However, when there have not been any kind of new regulations imposed, both laws will become ineffective. (Gerber, 2010, pp
The basic idea was to limit their exposure to the economy from: excessive risking taking during times of economic prosperity. (Hardaway, 2011, pp
This is because many of the more conservative members will be opposed to any kind of legislation that will hurt business. (Weir, 2007, pp
And GM is stressful on animals (HGP). Other major concerns are the effects on health when consuming genetically modified foods and GM food labeling (Maghan & Ardekani 2011)
Microsoft was investigated specifically under the Sherman Antitrust Act, particularly the first two sections which state that restraining trade and monopolizing trade internationally or between U.S. states is illegal (Haw, 2011, p
The company had established something of a natural monopoly of the software market (which is distinct from a government monopoly), and was leveraging its considerable market power to systematically eliminate its competition. It is legal to establish a monopoly in any given industry; yet it is illegal to "use certain practices that have no commercial justification in an effort to further entrench the monopoly" (Hazlett et al
S. Justice Department has stepped forward to actively stall such merger (Grunes, 2011)
monopoly was causing artificially high telephone charges and was acting as a strain on the market place. The breakup of the massive AT & T corporation into the Baby Bells seemed to satisfy the consumer advocates and government lawyers who had argued for the breakup for many years and developments in the telecommunications' industry such as the internet and cell phones caused a reshuffling of power (King, 2002)
resulted in consumers and businesses paying long distance rates that were far less than they were prior to the AT & T. breakup (Madden, 2003)
was again in position where critics were again clamoring for another breakup. A recent development has brought the issue of AT & T's influence and power in the telecommunication industry to the forefront once again (MCI Telecommunications v. American Telephone & Telegraph, 1994)
S. Congress and, for the most part, successfully withstood all challenges to its position in the market (United States v. American Tel. & Tel. Co., 1983)