In this case, the slope rises quickly because there is a significant jump in the six-year rates over the shorter-term maturities. The curvature relates mainly to medium-term rates, and is not a major factor in this curve because the maturities measured only go out six years (Wu, 2003)
An additional American company that could be used as an example of one that issued convertible notes is Candescent Technologies. Based in the United States, it "raised $125 million through the sale of senior subordinated convertible notes to finance a facility for the manufacture of field emission displays (FEDs)" (Brown, 1998, p
Rights to purchase stock give the investor relatively little in the way of return of investment on invested capital, since the investor owned nothing except the right to purchase company stock at a certain price. Preferred stock is a "class of ownership with priority over common stock" (Miller, 2007, p
Seeking to raise more capital," Amazon.com plans to sell about $600 million of convertible subordinated notes" (Mutter, 2000, p
Preferred stocks are among the riskiest investments and the specialized advice is that they be kept for long periods of time, but in small amounts. Additionally, it is necessary to diversify the portfolio and the preferred stock should not make up more than one percent (Neubert, 2007)
Fossil oils provided a substitute for coal provided the chemical industry with abundant raw material, and resulted in the rise of chemicals, synthetic fibers, thermoplastics and fertilizers. (Aftalion, 1991, p
Secondly exploring such options also may throw up interesting new technology and processes and even new chemicals that are safer for humans and the environment. (Blackburn, 1987, p
This program has given rise to many experiments all over the world. (Bozell; Patel, 2004, p
This program has given rise to many experiments all over the world. (Bozell; Patel, 2004, p
The other sources like corn, paper pulp and other agricultural commodities therefore are better natural feedstock that are renewable and are also environment friendly. (Clark; Macquarrie, 2002, p
6) The aim must be in transforming feedstock which is bio-based and renewable into impurities free products which are also viable on economic grounds. (Graziani; Fornasiero, 2007, p
Even wastes in cities such as sewage as well as garbage are considered an important element for producing 'biomass energy'. (Larson; Wentworth, 2006) The importance of converting and creating energy is paramount to any industry including the chemical industry
The advantage would be that bio-dependent natural resources have suitable 'environmental' elements, in comparison with alternatives which are 'petroleum' dependent. (Lee, et al
Commercializing bio-based processes for energy, metals, mining, and other chemical industries would also pave the way for a larger feedstock in future. (Lempert, et al
chemical industry attempt creating alternative feedstock for the production of commodity chemicals. (McFarlane, 2006) The condition underlying this principle therefore is that the cost of the alternate feed stock and its extraction must not be too costly and the change to the new method must not therefore also involve additional huge investment
As more than half of the hydrogen from biomass is obtained from "spitting water in the steam reforming reaction," the energy portion of the feedstock constitutes an intrinsic drawback of the process. (Milne; Elam; Evans, 2001) A lot remains to be known in the manner in which chemistry and its influence on the worldwide systems is contemplated
chemical industry in the class of fermentation products "isopropanol, ethanol, 2, 3-butanediol and n-butanol" suggest that for such extracts the best method would "dehydration of the alcohols and diols to olefin, without "disrupting the prevailing downtrends of the industry from that of the olefins." (Palsson, et al
With regard to biomass and other alternate feedstock we can predict that the existing reserves are defined in terms of the total resources that are known, and we could therefore create the scenario where future reserves likely to be added to reserves in the next fifty years, and the total resources are the sum of these two categories. (Ridker; Watson, 1980, p
The project will use the MPT (Modern Portfolio Theory) developed by Harry Markowitz to solve the problems. (Chen, Chung, Ho
With Iran now pumping again and no real oil freeze on the horizon (and with the State Department no doubt still looking to cripple Russia's economy by keeping oil prices low) energy stocks like CHK bear a certain amount of risk. Exxon (XOM) on the other hand has risen with oil prices adding $45 billion to its market cap in recent weeks, and as it looks to secure a deal with Russia to export gas to China, the stock could pop further (Ausick)