When this group split off, The Mardonius thought that the Greek troops had split for political reasons. He felt that they were divided and would now be an easy target (Burn, 1962)
Historians estimate the size of his army at that time to be 120,000 soldiers, as well as, e 30,000 men for supply services and for guarding the lines of communication. It was a large army and could not move far from the Asopus river that divides the Boeotian plain (Barron, 1996) There were two chief divisions in the Persian forces at Platea
This degree of training was key in the ability of the Spartans to regroup and reform rank despite pressure from the Persians (Burn, 1962). The Battle of Platea contrasts the style of warfare between east and west (Ferrill, 1979)
They let the people live their lives and did not even interfere with their existing cultures. They did not exactly enslave the people of those nations; instead they were quite gracious and generous towards them which added to their success and popularity (Rata, 2006)
Although the Assyrians were largely deprived of any form of education, they did however lay a large amount of emphasis on the need to have polished skills for warfare which they focused on at a very young age. Their motive was to capture as much land as they possibly could because they associated their strength in these terms to their religion and how that would be a form of fulfillment (Yamada, 2000)
The religious policy of the Persian kings was translated into a kind of social order, first set forth by Cyrus, who wrote the Cyrus Cylinder, now an ancient artifact that hold 45 lines of cuneiform script. This Cylinder has been called by some scholars as the first "human rights" declaration (Daniel, 2000, p
86). With the money flowing, banks came into being and a system of credit was established using a system of "weights and measures" (Farrokh, 2007, p
The first Persian invasion was meant to punish the Athenians for their role in it. When Darius, the "Great King" sent heralds into Greece to demand a tribute of earth and water (meaning that the city-states should make themselves subject to Persia), the Athenians threw the heralds into the ditches where they put the bodies of criminals; the Spartans threw them into a well and said, "There you will find both earth and water for your master" (Haaren, 1904, p
According to Zarathustra, "the universe was under the control of two contrary gods, Ahura-Mazda, the creating god who is full of light and good, and Ahriman, the god of dark and evil. These two evenly matched gods are in an epic struggle over creation" (Hooker, 2015)
The satraps were the heads of the provincial or local governments. The tributes they collected for the kingdom were measured by weighing them against the Babylonian or Euboic talent (Shahbazi, 1996, p
There were taxes levied on purchases, such as land, which was required to be officially registered so that the government could proceed with collecting revenues on its sale. From these proceeds, roads and icanals were built to help with overall infrastructure of the Empire, which in turn continued to boost the economy, for a strong infrastructure made the lands more connected and facilitated growth and prosperity (Verlag, 2008, p