Indeed, integrated research efforts can benefit form multiple inputs, which can be used as a springboard for further ideas, which would not be possible without integration. One major challenge in terms of government and policy is the habitual lack of consensus among governments in terms of finding efficient, fair, and enforceable reductions of greenhouse gases (Ostrom, 2009, p
Environmental Protection Agency estimated that the economic benefits of most workplaces and public places going smoke-free would exceed the cost by $39 to $72 billion annually." (Barg) Currently in the media, the city of Philadelphia has begun a study to see if they can completely outlaw smoking with in the boarders of the city
Sources of pollution in Italy There are several definitions for the term pollution. In this sense the Tenth Report of the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution considered pollution to be "the introduction by man into the environment of substances or energy liable to cause hazard to human health, harm to living resources and ecological systems, damage to structure or amenity or interference with legitimate use of the environment" (Colls, 2002, 1)
More precisely, "Carbon monoxide and photochemical pollutants (nitrogen dioxide, ozone) appear to be determinants of acute respiratory conditions in Rome. Since carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide are good indicators of combustion products from traffic related sources, the detected effect may be due to unmeasured fine and ultrafine particles" (Fusco et al
Still, due to the increased exchanges in the natural habit, these can become relevant for air pollution as well. In this sense, following intense research at the middle of the last decade in Italy, "three main geographic patterns of metal concentration in mosses could be defined: (1) Fe, Ni, and Cr, all derived both by soil particulates and anthropogenic emissions connected with ferrous metal manufacturing, were mostly concentrated in Northwestern Italy; (2) Cu and Zn, as typical multi-source elements, showed rather high concentrations with little ranges of variation over the whole area and small peaks reflecting local source points; (3) Cd and Pb reflected long-distance transport and showed highest concentrations in the regions with highest precipitation, especially in the Eastern Alps" (Gerdol et al
.) the S02 concentrations detected in this city correspond to the period December 1963 - January 1964 and are the highest reported in recent years; this was during a period of thermal inversion with intense and prolonged fog and no wind" (Grosso and Frangipane, n
The most concerning aspect of the research conducted in this area is represented though by the studies made in North Italy which suggest that people can have serious heart problems as a result of pollution. In this sense, in Lombardy for instance "air pollution has been associated with increased short- and long-term morbidity and mortality from heart diseases and strokes and that hypercoagulability and enhanced thrombosis have been indicated as one mechanistic pathway that mediates such effects" (Hughes, 2008)
It is rather difficult to assess the degree to which pollution can be properly measured because of the different set of factors which play a part in establishing the level of pollution. Nonetheless, it can be pointed out the fact that during the winter of 2006 "Exceedances of EU legislation thresholds were found to change significantly from year to year, and the relative contributions of meteorological variability and emission reduction policies have been discussed" (Minguzzi et al
Last year was bad, too. By the end of March, Milan had 64 such days, Turin had 77, Bologna 51 and Venice 49" (Rosenthal, 2007)
How the Bureau approached these challenges is the subject matter of this paper. Theoretical Background Technical communication is an emerging discipline undergoing a process of professionalization (Coppola, 2012)
How the Bureau approached these challenges is the subject matter of this paper. Theoretical Background Technical communication is an emerging discipline undergoing a process of professionalization (Coppola, 2012)
Foliage is often damaged with wilted or dead tissue or yellowing of the leaves. The plant will reduce its growth and yield, and will endure recurring injury before finally dying prematurely (Griffiths, 2003)
There are substantial disparities in life expectancy, age distribution, and the importance of chronic diseases between developed countries and other nations." (Bell et al
Economic expansion brought pollution-creating industries such as petroleum refining and steel manufacturing into the area. (Gonzalez) The true measures of what would be effective in achieving the goal of pollution control and air quality control has lost its impact on the world's population
There has been a lot of data regarding safe levels of exposure to airborne formaldehyde. Formaldehyde in the air is not only an irritant but can also cause certain type of cancer (Golden, 2011)
It has been established that humidity is a factor in air quality perception. Furthermore, both temperature and humidity have been established as key variables in emissions from things like paints and varnishes, from which emissions are greater under conditions of higher humidity (Haghighat & De Bellis, 1998)
It should be noted that there are little to no regulations that regulate required temperature in the classrooms (in London or anywhere else) and/or the carbon dioxide levels in the same. Further, carbon dioxide is also heavily associated with climate change in general so regulations on carbon dioxide pollution would indirectly affect the air quality of students for the better (Chatzidiakou, Mumovic & Summerfield, 2015; Dias-Pereira, Raimondo, Corgnati & Gameiro de Silva, 2014)
One last thing that was found in this study was that the electricity and oil consumption of a facility seems to have a pretty firm correlation with the amount of indoor air pollutants in a facility. In other words, the less energy consumption a building or facility has, the less air pollutants that the building will tend to have (Dorizas, Assimakopoulous & Santamouris, 2015)
So often, there is a disconnection between what is being taught and how it applies to real life. The way that Oregon State is using and wielding the program is extremely prescient and important because it greatly improves the efficacy of the learning and this creates a foundation for the future learning and lessons of the students as they progress through their formative years, college and beyond (Neumann, Broomfield, Harding & Sherburne, 1999)
This simulation and model makes use of the PMV and PPD indicators mentioned above and also helps measure the associated heating, cooling and air quality demands as they pertain to a certain environment. Just as one example, the researchers used the system to design a proper air flow and temperature model for amphitheater (Sarbu & Pacurar, 2015)