His research turned up tidbits such as, "The twisting streets were as narrow as the breadth of a man's shoulders, and pedestrians bore bruises from collisions with one another. There was no paving; shops opened directly on the streets, which were filthy; excrement, urine, and offal were simply flung out windows" (Manchester 48)
The concept of a robust mean absolute deviation (RMAD) is both innovative and intriguing, because further research on the efficacy of such an approach to portfolio optimization is likely to produce additional points of improvement for financial analysts and investors to consider. As the authors observe in their Conclusion and Future Research section, "addressing new variables related to standard deviation can amplify the advantage of the robust approach that functions well for a high standard deviation portfolio" (Moon & Yao, 2011), and it is this ability to maximize the efficiency and effectiveness of traditional portfolio optimization methods that makes the research on applying standard deviation to the business world so exciting
However, by placing the pagan gods into the Christian concept of Hell, his intention reflects that he believes Christianity as the supreme moral order and the ultimate authoritative system. Much like the punishments in the prior circles, here they too are equally grotesque as the sins themselves (Alighieri 1983)