Once the trust has been broken, it is difficult to repair. Even though trust can be rebuilt by apologizing and giving a detailed explanation of what went wrong, organizations must sometimes go to great extents to gain the trust back (Poppo and Schepker, 2010)
The sensibility of such information is its truth that is likely to interfere with the governments motives if released to the public. As a matter of fact, many people have been killed and/or jailed after being perceived with sensitive and classified information that was almost getting to the public (Domscheit-Berg et, al 12-14)
In order to let the public be informed of everything that takes place without its knowledge, Wikileaks releases original prints that come alongside news stories so that historians and other readers can have the stories together with their immediate proves. Without the actions of the company, it would be hard for the public to access some of the critical information that benefits their generations to come (Higgins 129)
However, Wikileaks has opened many accessories and classified information that has left such governments shrinking and submitting to democratic openness and transparency. In many organizations, the activities of Wikileaks are appreciated since they help the public to know what the government does during critical moments (Leigh 67)
Nonetheless, the perceptions of these governments have made many people view Wikileaks as a crime-related organization. Though many crime activities cannot be known if they are behind the actions of Wikileaks, the governments have been forced to embrace responsibility and transparency in order to eradicate cases of critical information that influences the public otherwise (Nicks 23)
Nonetheless, the birth of Wikileaks led many governments and organizations to practice sobriety and openness to the public in order to avoid embarrassing moments. To some extent, transparency has been restored in many governments (Sifry 57)
This issue has been highlighted at the market miners that are emerging by corruption probes. This is an issue that has generated fear among lawmakers as it has dented the reputation of the stock market (Ferreira-Marques, 2013)
This issue has been highlighted at the market miners that are emerging by corruption probes. This is an issue that has generated fear among lawmakers as it has dented the reputation of the stock market (Ferreira-Marques, 2013)
There was a lot on emphasis on the probe really happening but nothing at all was reported on how the probe was to benefit UK as a nation. It is very important to make distinctions when carrying out a critical evaluation in that one is able to clearly understand the importance of carrying out the evaluation (Skousen, 2010)
Today, a number of sub-Sahara African nations fall in this category, and Nigeria in particular represents such a country. All of these resource-rich developing countries have inherited a legacy of a colonialist past that has adversely affected their current capacity to compete in the international marketplace while simultaneously attempting to cope with the effects of poor weather conditions, a range of diseases, and a lack of foreign direct investment (Auty, 1993)
188). The author also notes that GATT 1994 gave the WTO the ability to enforce its decisions, which the original 1947 version lacked (Cohen, 2002)
30). Likewise, developing nations continue to protect their domestic markets through comprehensive tariffs and other import barriers, all of which add to the cost of international trade because of the conflicts that inevitably result (Crook, 2006)
One approach to avoiding mistrust and false pretence in trade negotiations advocated by some civil society groups is the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI). This initiative calls on multinational enterprises to publicly release contractual terms that reveal how much money is paid to government entities, depending on increased transparency and public pressures to force appropriate allocation policies and avoid the rampant corruption that characterized business practices in many developing countries (Kline, 2005)
These organizations have also enjoyed a degree of flexibility in achieving such progress that is not typically seen between countries during trade negotiations. For instance, none of the NGOs involved in the EITI are restricted to or confined by regulations within states; for example, Transparency International, the most successful international anti-corruption NGO, is not itself a statutory body (Kuper, 2004)
Review and Discussion Beyond the innovations in transportation and communications that have fueled the enormous growth in international trade, there have been some international agreements reached in recent years that have contributed to the process as well. For instance, international trade regulation has grown increasingly prominent since the World Trade Organization (WTO) was created in 1994 by reference the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which had been in use since 1947 (Lindsy, 2003)
Despite these constraints on focus, though, the EITI has enjoyed considerable support from the international community. In fact, today, approximately 130 NGOs including the Open Society Institute and Global Witness participate in the new EITI (Maxwell & Stone, 2005)
The reason engaging outside parties supports oil transparency is because international financial firms, NGOs and development agencies can attempt to undermine the type of executive takeover Deby and many of the states surrounding Chad and Guinea have invariably fallen into. While Amnesty International "has no presence in" Guinea or Chad yet (Amnesty International 2011a and 2011b respectively) and the World Bank is prevented by mandate from intervening in domestic politics, Guinea is a candidate country in the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) (Balde 2011), and presumably will "Publish What [they] Pay" back from oil revenues into poverty-remediating infrastructure development like schools and hospitals once this initial infant period of institutional chaos is overcome
). The point-source location of oil deposits in Chad apparently aggravates ethnic factionalism that contributes to the existing political situation, which consists of a number of distinct religious and hereditary groups that vie for power within and across internal and national borders (Boggero 2009: 20)
Guinea also has a more diverse initial endowment of primary resources for extraction than Chad. Guinea's mineral endowment includes bauxite reserves, gold, diamonds and other precious gemstones, uranium, nickel and iron (Diallo, Tall and Traore 2011: 29-32), while Chad's primary exports after oil are comprised mainly of cotton and other small agriculture and livestock (U
e. unbalanced domestic factor allocation, overappreciated currency and excessive debt from procyclical fiscal spending after the burst of a local export commodity bubble like falling global oil prices (Frankel 2010: 33)