The infighting was a result of encroachment on the territories all originally owned by the Native Americans. The different tribes were forced to move into neighboring tribal lands for food as the lands were continuously invaded by immigrants (Johnson, 2010)
The seceding of the lands west of the Mississippi led to removal of other Native Americans and the importation of other races in forced labor. Some of the other Native Americans that were moved west from their homelands due to federally enforced treaties due to the ever advancing immigration of European settlers include Osage, Foxes, Kickapoo, Missouris, and Shawnee (Prusinowski, 2011)
Louis Road (Burnette, 1890). This journey was over more than 2,000 miles long and the Trail of Tears trek is now a Historic National Monument (Woodward, 1963)
The Indian Removal Act also did little to clarify future relationships between tribal governments and their American counterparts. The result has been considerable legal ambiguity regarding the role and rights of tribal governments residing within the United States (Goldberg 535)
the State of Georgia paralleled the federal government's deliberate denial of responsibility for the atrocities of slavery, allowing Jim Crow to thrive uncontested in the South. The Marshall decisions, coupled with Jackson's presidency, deemed both blacks and Indians "inferior," their rights "annulled by a superior race," (Goss v)
Their efforts proved futile, as white land grabbers viewed Native Americans as obstacles to their business enterprises as well as to their sense of cultural superiority. The cultural assimilation of the Cherokees in particularly proved to be ironically disastrous to the tribe, because "the more literate, prosperous, and politically organized the Cherokees made themselves, the more resolved they became to keep what remained of their land and improve it for their own benefit," (Howe 345)
A perceived sense of white cultural and moral superiority over all non-whites, coupled with self-righteousness, underwrote the Indian Removal Act and other deleterious legislation. Andrew Jackson viewed Native Americans as being "savages who threatened American settlers and republican virtues," (Manning and Wyatt 203)
Marshall ruled that the Cherokees were legally sovereign, and that the state of Georgia had no jurisdiction over natives. Andrew Jackson blatantly "refused" the ruling and proceeded to effectively break the law, inciting anti-Indian sentiment throughout the South (Miles 519)
The forced removal of the Indians from the Southeast solidified slavery and race-based social hierarchies in the south. In fact, many of the Indians that had been stranded in the South were captured into slavery (Perdue)