It is based upon the presumption "the average person dislikes work and will avoid it….The average person prefers to be directed; to avoid responsibility; is relatively unambitious, and wants security above all else" (Chapman 2013)
.You should hate each other for having let each other down" (Allen 2012)
Some people thought he was crazy. But he was being extremely clear, and in doing so, he 'MurderBoarded' -- eliminated many options to get one cohesive strategy -- his way to greatness" said one subordinate (Merchant 2010)
Delegation, in Apple's view, meant deviating from Jobs' carefully orchestrated plan, and, possibly allowing information to be leaked to the press. Jobs' desire for control was so extreme he designed the "glass stairs in Apple stores (for which he held a patent), the design of the Apple shuttle buses, and the food in the cafeteria" (Mui 2012)
Google, in contrast, says that it strives for innovation, not instantaneous perfection, and considers all of its applications a work in progress. As an information search company that does not produce a hands-on 'artifact' at the end of the productive process like Apple, it can continually tweak, revision, and reconfigure anew its core services (Wojcicki 2012)
The theory also presumes that the employees will get motivated by their responsibility in seeking new challenges along with the goals. In this case, employees are therefore seen to exhibit great work morale so that they can exhibit the behaviors that will never call for a constant supervision from the managers allowing employees to achieve the goals of organization without punishment and control (Media & Grace, 2012)
This theory presumes that employees dislike work and they avoid responsibility, but will always seek directions when possible. The theory therefore requires the managers to be coercive and controlling and also to be ready in punishing the unwanted behaviors (Gitman & McDaniel, 2008, pg 240)
The second part of the "X-Y Theory Questionnaire" was designed to assess my personal preference for either style of management, and with a score of 65 the test indicates that I "strongly prefer Y-theory management." Near the bottom of the survey, an assortment of fine print reveals that "most people prefer 'Y-theory' management & #8230; (because) these people are generally uncomfortable in 'X-theory' situations and are unlikely to be productive, especially long-term, and are likely to seek alternative situations" (Chapman, 2002), and based on the phrasing of the questions used to measure my affinity for either theory, I am not surprised that I was found to be partial to a collaborative workplace which respects my competency and qualifications
" And safety needs such as "protection from elements, security, order, law, limits, stability, etc. (Chapman 2010)