Bruises (contusions) are the most common sports injury. It is caused when blood collects at the site of an injury and discolors the skin (Haggerty)
They can apply this knowledge to improve or maintain health, fitness, or performance of an athlete. For example, an exercise physiologist may work as a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation specialist or a personal trainer (Medicine)
There are several common injuries suffered by Polo ponies. One of the most common of these is tendon injuries (Wollenman)
Cycling is known however to cause overuse injuries, and injuries associated with biomechanical abnormalities, such as patellofemoral complex. (Burke, 1986) This chronic knee pain is seen to be common in cyclists
To describe sports medicine. (Matheson, 1999) The International Federation of Sports Medicine's Scientific Commission adopted the following definition in 1977: "Sports medicine includes those theoretical and practical branches of medicine which investigates the influence of exercise, training, and sport on healthy and ill people, as well as the effects of lack of exercise, to produce useful results for prevention, therapy, rehabilitation and the athlete
For example a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) means surgery, months of rehabilitation and, according to medical statistics, an increased likelihood of re-injury but is still especially common amongst female soccer and basketball players. (Patrick, 2003) New research in exercise science has shown however that certain special exercise programs can help significantly reduce ACL injury
A variety of medical professionals together provide the services that are required in sports today and these include from specialized sports nutritionists, physiotherapists to psychologist, experts in biomechanics and sports physiologists. (Stein, 2003) As such, in addition to the care of athletes-their injuries, safety, and general health-sports medicine embraces preventive medicine, the role of exercise in the treatment of disease, and the underlying science of function and performance