Alexander notes further, "both groups (transgendered individuals and bisexuals) are the most hated and abused within the gay and lesbian community" (cited in Zanazanian). Racism in the GLBTQ Community Similarly, the interests or concerns of double minorities might conflict with those of the larger the GLBTQ community (Jennings and Shapiro)
Further, both movements have often faced tremendous resistance from larger American society. Certainly, such resistance remains today against the Gay Rights movement, given the often high levels of homophobia in society in the United States (Menkart)
Given the deeply rooted societal nature of sexism, it is perhaps not surprising that sexism is clearly apparent within the GLBTQ community. Thus, sexism within the GLBTQ community represents a larger social problem, rather than simply a specific issue within the GLBTQ community (Zanazanian)
Jensen asserts that as a consequence of the "patriarchal system in which we live, a key site of men's oppression of women -- a key method of control and domination -- is sexuality." (Jensen, p
The feminist historian Joan Jacobs Brumberg has written that "however prudish and 'uptight' the Victorians were, our ancestors had a deep commitment to girls." (Flanagan, 2008) Yet even in this article, no discussion is carried out on just how Juno, the film, was unable to portray such acts
" (McIntosh, 1990) Needless to say, according to some studies, "many Whites began to identify with the "new racism" epitomized by right-wing" talk show hosts, such as Rush Limbaugh in the late 1980's and early 1990's, and the movie, in a way evidences these preconceptions by stating very superficially that teen pregnancy not only transcends race, but also is a problem in White communities. (Giroux, 1997) Though this may be somewhat true, teen pregnancy is still a problem in many African-American communities, and this is important to examine, as well as the reason why this problem still exists to such an extent in this community
Such ideas come from the various social policies passed in the United States, such as Affirmative Action, which helped some races, and hurt others, yet some still say that it is White people who profit from this separation of races, no matter what the viewpoint. (Lipsitz, 1998) Such 'white ideas' or is what some individual espouse, yet many, again, believe that there is still a type of 'white privilege' and a way in which to overcome ideas of unfairness is to see all layers of society, no matter how tough or impermeable
That's totally unrealistic." (Lowen, 2012) In responding to how Juno portrays gender and sexuality Feldt also states, and rightly so, that "…an adolescent girl doesn't have a lot of power, but one of the ways that she can demonstrate her power is through her sexuality […] I've been astonished how many older teens and women in their twenties thought the film was wonderful
Furthermore, paradoxically, some sociologists claim that although this privilege exists, there is still a sort of 'new racism' that must be discussed, and state, "to redesign social systems we need first to acknowledge their colossal unseen dimensions." (McIntosh, 1990) Needless to say, according to some studies, "many Whites began to identify with the "new racism" epitomized by right-wing" talk show hosts, such as Rush Limbaugh in the late 1980's and early 1990's, and the movie, in a way evidences these preconceptions by stating very superficially that teen pregnancy not only transcends race, but also is a problem in White communities
Although Nanny's focus on middle-class respectability and her regulation of Janie's sexuality seem to reinforce polarities between middle-class sexual repression and working-class expressivity, Hurston works to dismantle the dichotomy, in part, by positioning Nanny as a former slave and a member of the working class." (Batker, "Love Me Like I Like to Be," Page 201) Nanny often scolds, chides, and even humiliates Janie
One of the ultimate messages of the novel is that if one adheres to ones ideals of romance and sex, satisfaction and fulfillment are possible, even for a black woman, as Nanny says, "De nigger woman is de mule uh de world so fur as Ah can see." (Hurston, TEWWG, Page 29) Sexuality is closely tied to setting in the novel
Marks notes that, "To the passionate relationships Hurston attaches metaphors of natural fertility and sexuality, whereas she associates control relationships with physical deformity, decay, and technological, non-sexual productivity." (Marks, "Sex, Violence, & Organic Consciousness," Page 152) Janie watches the bees mate with the flowers, detecting the satisfaction and delight of the act
According to research by professor Matt McCormick (California State University, Sacramento), published in The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, which is a respected source of information of all the great philosophers, Kant believes that humans, as animals, and as sensuous creatures, are more subject to a kind of "casual determination" than to rational behavior. "The animal consciousness, the purely sensuous being, is entirely subject to causal determination" (McCormick, 2004), according to the interpretation of this approach by Kant
Moll was hiding behind the desire to become a Gentlewoman -- and through earning her own way, she was certainly hoping to be thought of as an independent business person -- but in fact, she was in the midst of a kind of "sexual contract" between herself and the men who had sexual adventures with her, for money. In Carole Pateman's article "Democratizing Citizenship: Some Advantages of a Basic Income" (Politics and Society), (Pateman, 2004), Carole Pateman advocates that all people should receive a "basic income" -- the payment of a "regular sum by a government to each individual (citizen) over an adult life-time, with no conditions attached
" Invoking Carole Pateman's Philosophy Philosopher Carole Pateman writes a great deal about the "social contract" that is part of living in our society, and sometimes juxtaposes it with her own philosophy presented in her book, The Sexual Contract. Pateman, according to a review of The Sexual Contract in Signs (Shanley, 2001), along with Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau, holds the view that "Human beings realize that in order to preserve their lives they must substitute the ordered liberty of civil society or living under government for life in 'the state of nature'
By granting the power to local and state police officers to enforce federal immigration laws, the CLEAR Act would expand the police powers of government and provide much needed on-the-scene assistance to beleaguered federal law enforcement agencies (Pluviose-Fenton, 2003). Overall, changes in immigration policy and immigration law in the aftermath of September 11, 2001 have been quite dramatic (Malone, 2003)
PATRIOT Act, which broadly expands the powers of federal law enforcement agencies investigating cases involving foreign intelligence and international terrorism, is likely to have a significant impact upon many ethnic minorities living in the United States as students, guest workers, and potential citizens. Additionally, a crackdown on illegal immigrants is anticipated as Homeland Security begins to close the borders to such immigration (Pluviose-Fenton, 2003)
One handles border protection, another enforces immigration laws in the nation's interior, and a third handles naturalization, residency permits, asylum claims. While a part of the agency's mission is to cut waiting times for permits and citizenship applications, another mission objective is to reduce the number of immigrants entering the United States illegally and/or the number of potential terrorist criminals who have managed to bypass INS screening and vetting processes (Prewitt, 2003)
e. toward a certain sex or mate) over others over time based on personal idealisms, social experiences and a variety of factors, not simply biological ones (Delamater & Hyde, 1998:10)
Analysis of Human Sexuality from the Social Learning Approach The authors attempt to not simply describe human sexuality, but instead to provide a model for explaining the variation that occurs in human behavior without having to refer to 'psychodynamic models' as the authors literally state. According to Hogben & Dyrne (1999), social learning theory incorporates elements of "operant conditioning and social conditioning" and is founded on the principles of personality theory, assuming that behavior is "goal directed" and emphasized by expectations of rewards and perceived values of rewards (Dyrne & Hogben, 1999: 58)