Neuromuscular scoliosis (10% chance of occurring): Scoliosis that is caused by a nervous system problem that affects the muscles, such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, spine bifida, physical trauma and polio. It often -- although not always -- occurs during adolescence (11- 18 years) as for instance with tethered spinal cord syndrome and worsens during adolescent growth spurt (Agabegi & Agabegi, 2008)
What these factors are is debated amongst scientists. Various genes are involved in transmission, one of these genes being the CHD7 (Ogilvie JW, Braun J, Argyle V, Nelson L, Meade M, Ward K (2006
"Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a lifetime, probably systemic condition of unknown cause, resulting in a spinal curve or curves of ten degrees or more in about 2.5% of most populations," (Asher & Burton, 2006)
As Reamy & Slakey (2001) point out, "Scoliosis in girls tends to progress more often and, therefore, girls more commonly need treatment than boys." However, over-referral has become common due to the widespread use of screening in schools (Reamy & Slakey, 2001)
Socioeconomic Factors There are no known socioeconomic factors associated with adolescent scoliosis, except for the fact that the disorder is more common in girls than boys. Scoliosis is more common in girls, and can get worse during a growth spurt (Zieve, 2011)
Definition and overview Scoliosis is derived from the Greek skol which means twists and turns, or 'crookedness'. (Scoliosis, Kyphosis and Spine Deformity) Scoliosis is commonly defined as, "