Poland Sources for your Essay

Culture of Poland the Country


" However, the income of the household and the labor market situation of the parents are found to have only a weak, although significant effect on the education of children. (Beblo and Lauer, 2002; paraphrased) the work of Fratczak (2004) reports, in the work entitled: "Family and Fertility in Poland - Changes During the Transition Period" in the country of Poland, "among the three basic demographic processes, which are fertility, mortality and migration, it is fertility that has undergone the most dynamic changes in scale and range in Poland under transition

Culture of Poland the Country


Consensual unions were scarce." (Fratczak, 2004) Historically and traditionally marriages in the country of Poland were characterized as extremely durable due to the primary reason for dissolution of a marriage to be the death of one spouse at the rate of about 80% with divorce following second at 20%

Culture of Poland the Country


" Specifically Poland is stated to be "passing through a period of instability and identity crisis, which can be explained by the country's historical context, pre-war development and years spent under socialism, by the reforms undertaken or needed, by the economic transformations and the growing social gap." (Grangier, 2000) it is held by Grainger that the Polish people "bereft of 45 years of its history

Culture of Poland the Country


Even 45 years of Communist rule have left no trace - beyond the brutalist Bunker of Art - on the Old Town's architecture." (Newey, 2000) III

Culture of Poland the Country


" (2007) Furthermore, each June in Poland "a festive Jewish culture here draws thousands of people to sing Jewish songs and dance Jewish dances." (Smith, 2007) Prior to "Hitler's horror" Smith relates that Poland "had the largest Jewish population in Europe, about 3

Germany Invades Poland the Second


Paradoxically, Hitler was also considered a positive development by many. His dynamic leadership appeared to bring badly needed order and stability to Germany" (Havers, 2000)

Germany Invades Poland the Second


His stated statement was present in Mein Kampf where he argued that "Germany will either be a world power or there will be no Germany" (Kershaw, 2001) Therefore he followed his aim of attaining this goal. One of the arguments which consider that in fact the emergence of the world war was largely due to the conciliatory attitude of the European countries comes from Robert Kagan who views the weakness of the European countries as being the main element which influenced the way in which the events would evolve (Kagan, 2003)

Germany Invades Poland the Second


Poland represented only one step in Hitler's way to supremacy in Europe and the regaining of status by the German Republic. His stated statement was present in Mein Kampf where he argued that "Germany will either be a world power or there will be no Germany" (Kershaw, 2001) Therefore he followed his aim of attaining this goal

Germany Invades Poland the Second


R. after the end of the first world conflagration (Kissinger, 1995)

Germany Invades Poland the Second


Despite the fact that the invasion of Poland is an interpretable aspect of the Second World War, taking into account the events prior to 1 September 1938, it can be said that the European states, and Britain and France in particular became well aware of the fact that the intentions of Hitler concerning the eventual war were serious. In the years preceding 1939, Hitler had taken into consideration and eventually succeeded in annexing Austria as part of the Anschluss process which implied, more or less, to integration of Austria in the German state (Nye, 2005)

Germany Invades Poland the Second


More precisely, it offered Germany the chance to financially recover from the debts it was supposed to respect. In this sense, "the Dawes Plan, adopted in August 1924, fitted perfectly into the plans of the German General Staffs military economists" (Sutton, 2000)

Reforms After Communism in Poland


This membership is further more strengthened by the cooperation within the NATO alliance, starting in 1999. (Oljasz, n

Reforms After Communism in Poland


In this sense, politically speaking, the old political parties reemerged, "parties belonging ideologically to the workers'- socialist, peasant, and Christian democrat, conservative and nationalistic camps." (Sanford, 1991) Many minorities were represented in the political life in the interwar period: the Ukrainians, white Russians, Germans, and Jews, which came into agreement with the EU's demand for equal representation and democracy

Communism: Poland and Yugoslavia Rise


The Red Army had no choice but to draw back after the war ended but they were able to free some territories like Belgrade before withdrawing. NOV, by the end of May 1945, had taken control of the Trieste territory (allowing the NLA to withdraw by June the same year) as well as the Austrian southern regions of Styria and Carinthia and had already assembled with the allied forces that had been stationed outside the prior Yugoslavian boundaries (Cohen, 1993)

Communism: Poland and Yugoslavia Rise


The political allies NOV had the initial support of the Red Army in freeing certain state along with Belgrade. By the mid of 1945, NOV had also had successful talk with the allied forces that had occupied the prior Yugoslavian boundaries (Hayden, 2000)

Post Communism in Poland


The three powers decided to recognize the Polish Provisional Government of National Unity. In 1945 - as promised by Stalin - Poland would hold democratic elections (Dziewanowski 1987)

Post Communism in Poland


The victorious nations - the Soviet Union, United States, Great Britain, and France -- were left to decide what to do with the war ravaged countries that remained throughout Europe and Asia. The major question on the minds of the leaders and politicians remained: how to divide up the crumbled nations of the broken continent? When dividing up the spoiled nations, the job was broken into different geographical tasks: Europe, Asia, and the third world countries (Gaddis, 1997)

Post Communism in Poland


The major question on the minds of the leaders and politicians remained: how to divide up the crumbled nations of the broken continent? When dividing up the spoiled nations, the job was broken into different geographical tasks: Europe, Asia, and the third world countries (Gaddis, 1997). In February 1945 the leaders from the big three countries - Franklin Roosevelt (President of the United States), Winston Churchill (Prime Minister of Great Britain) and Josef Stalin (Soviet Premier) met in the City of Yalta to discuss how to divide Europe (Judge & Langdon, 1999)

Post Communism in Poland


People in Poland were angered that they would not be a part of a free market capitalist system. Stalin believed that industry was the way of the future (Kenez, n

Post Communism in Poland


When a country became communist, they would do so with guidance from the Soviet Union and would establish a socialist system as both a government and a way of life (Gaddis, 1997). The Polish Provisional Government of National Unity was completely under the control of the Soviet Union (Kersten, 1991)