The poem is written in three parts, the fourth part was written as a footnote to these three parts which are treated as one poem, but all three parts were written at different times in the poet's life. (Carter) Concerns of the Movement A major theme of the poem is madness, addressing concerns such as conformity, popular culture, and civil rights
The poet, talks of these people's lifestyles where they experimented with drugs, sex and the philosophy of life. The first few verses describe the lives of these intellectuals, who experimented with drugs and then, "Suffering Eastern sweats and Tangerian bone-grindings and migraines of China under junk-withdrawal in Newark's bleak furnished room" (Ginsberg, Part I verse 14) The line describes the situation in the aftermath of taking drugs, where the intellectuals suffered by feeling extremely hot and experienced pain after the effects of the drugs vanished
Therefore, America was at its peak as a superpower after the War, and its own people had developed unwavering trust in their country and its leaders, being patriotic to the extent of not being able to accept that their country or their leaders could be at fault. (McChesney) But these groups of people belonging to the Beat Generation dared to think differently, and Allen Ginseng was among the pioneers