In particular, recent research has shown how an area of the CNS called the amygdala influences personality. The amygdala is strongly associated with emotional processing in the brain, and is a pea-sized new center of the brain (Dye)
The death of these brain cells results in dementia, mental deterioration, and eventual death. Alzheimer's symptoms include problems with abstract thinking, impaired language and social skills, loss of short- and long-term memory, and significant personality changes (Windsor)
¶ … Nervous Systems The central nervous system is composed of the spinal cord and the brain. Along with these specific structures, the central nervous system also encompasses the neural tissue, blood vessels, and the connective tissue that surround these structures for protection (Martini, Nath, & Bartholomew, 375)
The brain is divided into two hemispheres and each one "communicates with the other through the corpus callosum" which is a bundle of nerve fibers (Washington University). Within those hemispheres are neurons (called "nuclei") and there are axons (called "tracts") (Chudler, 2006)
During the growth of the nervous system there are many more neurons produced by the body than will ever be needed. What happens is this over production of neurons results in a kind or "pre-programmed 'suicide' mechanism called apoptosis" (Marino, 2010)
When a police officer encounters a dangerous or threatening situation, he reacts much like primitive man when confronted by a large animal, Russell et al. explain (Russell, 1990, p
Points 4 and 5 are the liver, which acts as the storehouse for glycogen through insulin and glucagon hormones that control concentration of blood glucose. While the increase of blood sugar levels results in secretion of insulin, the decrease of these levels secrets glucagon (Paul, n
The ability of the nervous system to make or break new circuits is responsible for functions of the mind. (McCance & Huether, 2010) Visual problems can be either congenital or acquired
Strabismus may also present with an intermittent squint, that may not be immediately apparent. (Riordan-Eva & Cunningham, 2011) Cataracts are most commonly because of age related degenerative changes in the lens
Sensory Receptors When humans respond to various stimuli (cold, pain, heat, light, sound or touch) it is because sensory receptors have transmitted the body's response to those stimuli to the central nervous system. Sensory receptors are specialized cells that are working for humans by detecting environmental stimuli and first passing those stimuli notices to "sensory neurons," and those neurons, in turn, send the messages (information) to the brain (Central nervous system / CNS) (Darpan, 2006)
A book called The Biology of the Skin takes the free nerve endings further into scientific understanding. Free nerve endings are associated with "…individual Merkel cells of the epidermis" and single Merkel cells are found at the tips of the "rete ridges in the glabrous skin of fingertips, the lips, gingival and nail bed" (Freinkel, 2001)
In human skin, which is the largest organ, there are a number of important sensory receptors, including the Pacinian corpuscle, which is found beneath the surface of the skin. When there is pressure on the Pacinian corpuscle, that stimulation is converted into "a neural message that is relayed to the brain" (Hockenbury, et al
The first encoding step is what Rhoades calls "compression," and the "range in the intensity of the stimulus" is substantial. In fact there is a "hundred-fold" potential variation in the compressed stimulus (Rhoades, 2012)
When it enters the body, tetrodoxin blocks neuronal pathways, causing paralysis. The paralysis may be paralysis of the lungs, which causes the person to stop breathing and therefore to die (Bancroft, n
Because of its toxicity in human beings, DDT has been banned in the United States and some other countries. Mercury's toxic effects themselves are not used in the way that DDT is, but the element is used widely in the manufacture of thermometers, barometers, and other instruments, as well as compact fluorescent bulbs and some types of clocks (Blaszczak-Boxe, 2014)