After determining this, the teacher would then be in the best position to design lesson plans and activities that would highlight one to three intelligences of the students, with the objective of increasing receptivity to, retention of, and understanding of the lesson or learning shared. Gardner recognizes that not all 8 intelligences could be incorporated in all classroom lesson plans and activities, but developing strategies combining these intelligences would be more effective than using one kind of teaching strategy addressing only one kind of intelligence (Checkley, 1997:4)
The field of education, particularly educational practice and research, have been revolutionized with the introduction of the Multiple Intelligences Theory, proposed by Howard Gardner through his book, Frames of Mind, published in 1983. The theory posits that "intelligence is a biopsychological potential that could be influenced by experience, culture, and motivational factors" (Visser, 2006:487)
However, I realized that to do this would compromise the results of the Inventory itself, since I am supposed to be taking the test rather than analyzing it. After completing the inventory, the results showed the following scores per section/intelligence category: Naturalist Musical Section III- Logical Existential Section V -- Interpersonal Section VI -- Kinesthetic Section VII -- Verbal Section VIII -- Intrapersonal Section IX -- Visual The results showed that my strength lies in my intrapersonal intelligence, which, according to the theory's proponent Howard Gardner, is the "ability to understand and to have an effective working model of oneself… awareness of one's own desires, fears, and abilities, and also using this information to make sound life decisions" (Visser, 2006:490)
Further, Gardner's model is used as the basis for arguing in favor of a well-rounded education that includes music, art and physical education, not just facts and figures. Multiple intelligences very quickly gained popularity among educators, who immediately saw the benefits when they applied it to their practice (Chapman, 2012)
The critics are engaging in a little cognitive dissonance here, arguing that the theory doesn't make sense while they are wilfully misunderstanding it. The lack of empirical research is interesting, and it would be curious to look at some of those studies -- it is hard to prove so many intelligences but there could be alternate explanation for the same idea Gardner came up with (Cherry, 2014) Conclusion Gardner proposed the theory of multiple intelligences to explain a lot about how people learn, and to get people thinking about different ways the concept of intelligence could be explained
What is the Theory of Multiple Intelligences The theory of multiple intelligences was crafted by Howard Gardner as a means of explaining why different teaching styles are effective for some people and ineffective for others. Gardner noted that traditional views of intelligence held that intelligence was fixed (Smith, 2008)
" Campbell further relates that according to "Howard Gardner of Harvard University in his book, "Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences" suggests that there are at least seven human intelligences, two of which, verbal/linguistic intelligence and logical/mathematical intelligence have dominated the traditional pedagogy of western societies." (Campbell, 1991) However, according to Campbell (1991) "the five non-traditional intelligences, spatial, musical, kinesthetic, interpersonal and intrapersonal, have generally been overlooked in education
Integration of learning styles is a challenge in the classroom and requires that the teacher assist the students in finding each his or her own identity through their own unique assets and strengths toward successful learning. (Silver, et al
Those four are: The Multiple Intelligence Theory "proposes that people use at least seven (7) relatively autonomous intellectual capacities; a concept must be adopted to alter the way we view high school curriculum." (Weber, 1999) It is necessary that a high school curriculum be one that is flexible since there are many different ways in which students learn
Another is "curriculum compacting," in which "students qualify for compacting when they demonstrate a certain level of mastery of the subject that the teacher is about to commence teaching. This qualification is determined by offering students a pre-test on that content" (Gus 2003)
write a paragraph explaining the process, and still others may express their knowledge through drawings. In addition, students in the same classroom can focus on problems that range in complexity, with some students describing the process for reducing fractions and others designing and explaining binomial equations," (Kluth & Straut 2001)
Curriculum Planning: Multiple Intelligences and Standards-Based Education Develop classroom instructional criteria for accommodating various learning styles in a standards-based curriculum environment The demand that teachers tailor their instructional criteria to the requirements of standardized testing seems to fly in the face of the need to differentiate instruction to incorporate student's different learning styles. Teachers may long "to attend to student differences, but they must ensure that every student becomes competent in the same subject matter and can demonstrate the competencies on an assessment that is differentiated neither in form nor in time constraints" (Tomlinson 2000)
This study, however, does suggest that the integration of critical thinking skills and arts-based education is an essential step in capturing the imaginations - and minds - of many and even perhaps the majority of students. In his article "Educating Artistic Vision," Eisner argued that an arts-based education affords students an opportunity to view and evaluate the process of experimentation, analysis and synthesis required when creating art (Eisner, 1972) and that these skills will carry over not only to other subjects but to learning and life in general
These different types of intelligence are verbal-linguistic, math-logical, visual-spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical-rhythmic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist." (McKenzie, 1999)
Mobiles move, and wonderful collages can be made using materials of different textures. This is simply a finer focus on Gardner's point that spatial intelligence, for example, can be used not only for producing sculpture but also for learning to sail or for study of the human anatomy (Gardner, 1995)
. might yield results with an objectivity and reliability rivaling those of the physical sciences (Stills, p
Diane Halpern, PhD, psychology department chair of California State University, supports the idea that arts education can and should be measured qualitatively, by incorporating among other tools, videotaping mechanisms. It is impossible to measure some "intangibles" prevalent in arts education, and the only effective means to evaluate performances are in fact, qualitative (Murray, 1999)
He introduced the theory that points out that there exists a total of seven forms of intelligence in the human race.These intelligences are logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, linguistic interpersonal, bodily-kinesthetic as well as interpersonal intelligence (Gardner,1983)
This therefore led Dr. Gardner to conclude that such a theory is paramount in the development of curriculum (Kumbar, 2006)
It has therefore received considerable amount of embrace from various educational theorists. Several North American schools have been able to effectively consider an integration of the MI theory into their curricula (Smith,2008)