The traits of the deity figure varied depending on whether the god was being worshipped by marsh dwellers, orchard growers, herders, or farmers. (Jacobsen, Para on "Stages of Religious Development) The second stage (during the 3rd millennium BC) was characterized by a visualization of the gods in human shape with each deity having their special functions
Law was highly developed as is evident from the elaborate laws of Hummarabi, which covered almost every aspect of the Mesopotamian life. (Love) Patriarchal Society The Mesopotamian society was highly patriarchal in nature with the wife's position being firmly below that of the husband in the household
The Roman Empire also introduced the world to a new form of public leadership, the Senate. The Senate in Rome was designed to be a separate body of government from the Emperor (Abbott 385)
While no one disputes the high level and fast rate of learning during this period, some historians simply see this era as a continuation of the advances begun hundreds of years earlier during the middle ages and continued during the renaissance. Others see the Revolution as the result of the exposure in Europe to advances already made elsewhere in the world (Bala 5)
Some historians feel the Renaissance is defined by artistic and cultural growth. The modern trend for historians is to recognize the positive and negative aspects of the Renaissance on the lives of those who lived through it (Huizinga)
Interpersonal Skill of Ancient Egypt The great leaders of Ancient Egypt were the Kings, Queens and pharaohs. Some historians believe while that there are a many rulers who are not popular today who made significant contributions to Egyptian society (Ruiz 177)
Later languages included Akkadian, Amorite (Semitic) and Hurrian. It is believed that earlier writings were on a perishable medium (Saggs 63)
D. Sargon, as the world's first known leader is believed to have inspired future Kings and rulers for centuries to come with his ability to build, maintain and administer his empire (Snell 32)
This is not so because there is a factual discrepancy, but the nature of the Crusades has traditionally made them popular and heroic in the West and shameful and barbaric to the East. Recent historians have tended to view the Crusades as bloody and deadly acts of aggression (Tyerman)
His history of the Peloponnesian War serves a one of the first true treatises on leadership. His thesis that leadership was necessary for democracy but also very dangerous to democracy provided the spark for intense debate that survived into the 20th century (Warner 620)
Socrates also is the first figure to document the importance of delegating authority and work. Socrates works inspired Plato and Aristotle to further develop the theory to include specialization of work and a division of labor (Wren 19)
Mesopotamian and Egyptian Art and Architecture Mesopotamia" is the Greek word for "between the rivers" and refers to that region between the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers, presently occupied by Iraq, Turkley and Syria (Delahunt 2006)
Mesopotamians also believed that if their conquests and fights passed the test of their omens and prophets, they would get the blessings of their gods (Delahunt). Egypt is historically known as the land of the pyramids, which stand prominently from mountains of stones (Gombrich 2006)
Originating deep in Africa, the Nile River descends through many cataracts to sea level at the delta in Egypt, where in its annual flooding, rich soil is deposited. Hemmed in by its narrow valleys, the Nile flows through regions that may not have a single drop of rainfall in a decade (Von Soden, 103)
The ancient Greek polis was a city-state; when historians talk about city-states, they are referring first and foremost to ancient Greece, and to the cities of north Italy in the Middle Ages. City-states, including those of ancient Greece, have exhibited a series of four common traits: (1) a degree of urbanization unexampled in major states before the Industrial Revolution, which began in the second half of the eighteenth century; (2) an economy based on trade and centered on the city's market; (3) a political decision-making process whereby laws and decrees were not always dictated by a monarch, but were often passed by majority votes after a debate in an assembly, which mostly was a selection from among the better-class citizens; (4) interaction between city-states, which resulted in the rise of leagues of states and federal states (Hansen: 3)
The Mesopotamian gods were uncaring, and the life after this one was desolate, where souls dwelled in desolation and shadows, eating clay in the darkness. In contrast, the Egyptian afterlife was very much like life in Egypt -- a similar class system, and stable and predictable (Burton, 2007)
This was also the time when the idea of taking the entire cosmos as a polity came into being, and this concept was to prevail through all the years of the Mesopotamian civilization, right until the end, although it may be true that the rise of Marduk and Assur to high and supreme positions of power within the divine world probably led to a greater sense of a sort of 'unified central power' in which there was apparently some efforts made to see the forces that govern the cosmos as being one and united. (Miller, 424) However, all previous approaches to Mesopotamian religion have been denying categorically the religious relevance and pertinence of the literary texts of the time, and this fact may make it difficult for analysts and researchers to make a conclusion about Mesopotamian religion, although it may be true that one may be able to make assumptions, and base these assumptions on the hieroglyphics and cuneiform writings that discerning archaeologists have found at the site of one of the world ancient civilizations
the full economic unit needed to support the manifold activities of the temple." (Potts, 200) It must be remembered that from the seventh millennium onwards, while Assyria had several small agricultural villages, Babylonia had several semi-nomadic villages located on river banks and other water courses
(Miller, 424) However, all previous approaches to Mesopotamian religion have been denying categorically the religious relevance and pertinence of the literary texts of the time, and this fact may make it difficult for analysts and researchers to make a conclusion about Mesopotamian religion, although it may be true that one may be able to make assumptions, and base these assumptions on the hieroglyphics and cuneiform writings that discerning archaeologists have found at the site of one of the world ancient civilizations. (Veldhuis, 13) However, it must be said that one does know a lot about these ancient people and their lives and their faiths and their religion and beliefs, so much so that one would be able to create a picture in one's mind of the Mesopotamian civilization and their temples in which their deities were safely housed