International Trade Sources for your Essay

International Trade Controversy Protectionism Versus Free Trade


-Mexico border is a microcosm of North-South relations in a global economy where corporations call the shots, and poor nations sell off labor rights and the environment to the highest bidder." (Light) A maquiladora is a special Mexican industrial program which allows mostly non-Mexican operations to set up manufacturing or assembly plants in Mexico

International Trade Controversy Protectionism Versus Free Trade


In a press conference after the meeting he is quoted as saying, "China, as a full member of the WTO, will now be a full partner in the global trading system and will have the right and responsibility to fashion and enforce the rules of open trade." (Savadove) This event represents progress for the free trade movement, with the formal joining of China being a process 15 years in the making

International Trade Controversy Protectionism Versus Free Trade


" (Wharton) The Global Issues web site provides a thorough explanation of the arguments against free trade. The document lists five of the major concerns and criticisms of free trade (Shah)

International Trade Controversy Protectionism Versus Free Trade


A recent survey showed that 45 per cent support free trade, while 46 per cent support protectionism. (Vieira) The same survey also showed that an increasing number of people are enjoying more freedom in their shopping

International Trade Theory. The Theory


In the real world, most markets are far from fully competitive, labor-productivity within a country varies over time and full employment is just a dream in most capitalist economies. (Suranovic 1997) Given the list of such 'unrealistic' assumptions made in the model, it is easy for us to dismiss the results of comparative advantage altogether or to accept it with a large dose of skepticism

International Trade Outsourcing, Offshoring and


Cost successful information technology is coming on the scene daily making it even easier for companies to flawlessly work together and communicate as one virtual corporation. So, the profit reason coupled with cost-effective technology corresponds to a fundamental guarantee that outsourcing and offshoring will be alive and well throughout the 21st century (Chestnut, 2012)

International Trade Outsourcing, Offshoring and


For certain jobs offshoring could well be a good solution. But when offshoring is used to save money and at the same time degrades critical business attributes such as quality, reliability, integrity and security, then it is not just a bad solution, it can easily become a financial and PR disaster (Gibbs, 2004)

International Trade Outsourcing, Offshoring and


The well-known paradigm of trade theory, which conceptualizes the production procedure as generating finished goods from bundles of inputs combined at a single plant, was well suited for studying the trade of yesteryear. But the globalization of production and the developing international division of labor suggest the need for a new model, one that puts task trade at center stage (Grossman, 2006)

International Trade Outsourcing, Offshoring and


This can lead to a competitive environment. Offshore outsourcing can further decrease costs due to the comparatively cheap labour that can be accessed from other countries, particularly from developing countries (King, 2009)

International Trade Outsourcing, Offshoring and


These are common problems in technical support operations both onshore and offshore. None of this is the fault of Dell's Indian agents or the offshore support model (Mitchell, 2004)

International Trade Outsourcing, Offshoring and


Enabled by high speed telecommunication connections, the recent migration of labor intensive services jobs was primarily motivated by the potential of up to a 90% savings in labor costs (Offshore Outsourcing and America's Competitive Edge: Losing out in the High Technology R&D and Services Sectors, 2004). Traditional economic theory and business practice has tended to pose a contradiction or trade-off between efficiency and equity: what is good for one may be bad for another (Pastor, 2005)

International Trade Outsourcing, Offshoring and


"Dell recently established customer and technical support centers in India, China, Morocco, Panama, and Slovakia and has set up design centers in Taiwan and China. Furthermore, it not only has manufacturing facilities in Texas and Tennessee, but also in Brazil, Ireland, Malaysia, and China" (Pruitt, 2012)

International Trade Outsourcing, Offshoring and


Dell, along with other large companies, has been chided for hiring numerous employees overseas, making the move to open a new call centre in India a potentially controversial one for the PC maker. But the company's top executive has shot back at those charges by pointing out that it also has added numerous jobs in the United States (Spooner, 2005)

International Trade Outsourcing, Offshoring and


This kind of outsourcing has taken place for many years between companies in the United States and takes place when a business has another business carry out some task for it because the other business can do it for a lower cost. The other business has the comparative advantage in that task, thus, outsourcing benefits both sides (VanderWeerdt, 2006)

International Trade Ever Since Adam Smith Demonstrated


) Inequality The wide gap between the rich and the poor is revealed by the fact that the richest 1% people of the world receive as much income as the poorest 57% and the richest 5% of the world's population have incomes 114 times those of the poorest 5%. (Dollar and Kraay, 2001) Even more disturbing is the increasing trend of inequality revealed in several recent studies

International Trade Ever Since Adam Smith Demonstrated


Policies Based on Corporate Interests According to such anti-globalization and free trade theorists, the policy making in organizations such as the WTO, the IMF, the World Bank and the OECD is dominated by corporate interests and adheres to a neo-liberal, free-trade agenda. (Moore, 1999, Part I) These centralized bureaucracies are mostly manned by private bankers and corporate employees who watch out for the interests of the elite

International Trade Ever Since Adam Smith Demonstrated


Pros: Benefits of Increased International Trade Supporters of increased international trade attribute such increased trade to a six-fold rise in Global GDP during the corresponding period. (Nordstrom and Vaughan, 1999)

International Trade Ever Since Adam Smith Demonstrated


Another statistical study, based on a review of 123 nations, found that every percentage-point increase in total imports and exports leads to a 0.34% increase in per capita income (Vogel, 2000) Proponents of free international trade point to the example of China which embarked on a path of trade liberalization in 1978 and in the next twenty years its imports and exports grew from $21 billion to $324 billion

International Trade Walmart International Trade,


These lower inventory levels result in either a reduced floor plan with lower carrying costs and lower interest expense -- or a greater diversity of products on the store shelves." (Collins, 2007) Naturally, this enhances the profitability of the operation but also significantly diminishes the number of jobs created by the chain on the domestic front

International Trade Walmart International Trade,


The store has killed some important newspaper advertisers." (Fitzgerald, 2002) This is to note that as Wal-Mart has systematically eliminated local competition and undermined labor interests in small communities, it has also willfully resisted the demand to advertise through local or community-based methods