By granting the power to local and state police officers to enforce federal immigration laws, the CLEAR Act would expand the police powers of government and provide much needed on-the-scene assistance to beleaguered federal law enforcement agencies (Pluviose-Fenton, 2003). Overall, changes in immigration policy and immigration law in the aftermath of September 11, 2001 have been quite dramatic (Malone, 2003)
PATRIOT Act, which broadly expands the powers of federal law enforcement agencies investigating cases involving foreign intelligence and international terrorism, is likely to have a significant impact upon many ethnic minorities living in the United States as students, guest workers, and potential citizens. Additionally, a crackdown on illegal immigrants is anticipated as Homeland Security begins to close the borders to such immigration (Pluviose-Fenton, 2003)
One handles border protection, another enforces immigration laws in the nation's interior, and a third handles naturalization, residency permits, asylum claims. While a part of the agency's mission is to cut waiting times for permits and citizenship applications, another mission objective is to reduce the number of immigrants entering the United States illegally and/or the number of potential terrorist criminals who have managed to bypass INS screening and vetting processes (Prewitt, 2003)
Homosexuality, Parenthood, And Social Deviance The article "Lesbian and gay parenting: babes in arms or babes in the woods?" (Mccann, & Delmonte, 2005) examines the nature of parenting in connection with openly homosexual couples and the manner in which the sexual preference of parents affects their children
Certainly, there is a range of parenting quality within same-sex relationships just as there is within traditional families; however, by comparison, same-sex couples are no less likely to provide stable and healthy environments for children than are opposite-sex parents within the traditional family system. Social Control Theory and Relation to Gay Parenthood In general, Social Control Theory posits that delinquency, antisocial behavior, and criminal deviance are substantially related to the strength of social constraints on antisocial behavior (Schmalleger, 2008)
Freud specified that while bisexuals kept their gender's mental qualities, they sought after people of the same-sex who possessed opposite sex mental. "In this instance, therefore, as in many others, the sexual object is not someone of the same sex but someone who combines the characters of both sexes; thus the sexual object is a kind of reflection of the subject's own bisexual nature" (Freud, 1962, p
erotic behavior. "Although his adventures take place at every level of the social ladder, he invariably returns to one of the two ghettos that pre-Stonewall society permitted the uncloseted gay, the lumpen underworld and the upper-class salon circuit of the bohemian-chic intelligentsia" (Waugh, 2000, p
The dogmatic and moral teachings of the church are not all equivalent. The church's pastoral ministry cannot be obsessed with the transmission of a disjointed multitude of doctrines to be imposed insistently" (Goodstein, 2013)
Acceptance of this argument will allow laws to regulate same-sex marriages and stop penalties and prejudices for homosexual behaviors. Some sectors believe that religion helps shape attitudes about homosexuality and religious beliefs assert a stronger influence on homosexuality (Adamcyzk & Pitt, 2009) than other assumed factors or causes
Summary of Positions Certain studies conducted have suggested that homosexuality is genetic. One is the LeVay Study, conducted by Simon LeVay in 1991, which used 41 homosexual subjects, almost all of whom had died of HIV complications (Bailey, 1993)
Summary of Positions Certain studies conducted have suggested that homosexuality is genetic. One is the LeVay Study, conducted by Simon LeVay in 1991, which used 41 homosexual subjects, almost all of whom had died of HIV complications (Bailey, 1993)
Among African-Americans A 2008 survey conducted among them on the acceptability of homosexuality revealed that 72.3% considered it "always wrong (Glick & Golden, 2010)
" Those with unfavorable attitudes towards homosexuality were less likely to report having undergone HIV testing at 95% (Glick & Golden). A series of 31 surveys conducted among almost 7,000 Blacks and 43,000 whites since 1973 revealed their differences in homosexuality and demographic roots (Lewis, 2003)
But when perceived as controllable and environmental or social, the attribution produces negative effects, such as reduced support for policies (Haikel-Market & Joslyn). One more study concludes that the scientific argument for a biological basis remains weak (Shagor, 2011)
IV. Homosexuality in the Multicultural Context Overview in Other Cultures Homosexuality as genetically or biologically-based is hardly practiced or known in other cultures (Whitehead & Whitehead, 2013)
¶ … Homosexuality Biologically Based? NATURE OR NURTURE Is Homosexuality Biologically-Based? The Center for Disease Control and Prevention reports that approximately 50,000 new HIV infections occur in the United States every year (Yin, 2013)
Thus, in an actually free society that is respectful of individual autonomy, the correct answer to this question would be "it does not matter." However, numerous and sometimes powerful groups have pressed the issue, to the point that an entire industry of "gay therapy" programs exist as a way for homosexuals to "cure" themselves of their orientation (frequently in the context of religious ideology) (Beeler & DiProva, 1999, p
444). As a result, it is necessary to examine the social and biological underpinnings of homosexuality, particularly because behavior viewed as deviant is met with harsher responses when that behavior appears to be entirely voluntary, rather than the result of in-born or biological factors (Gomme, 2007, p
Discussing the entirety of the biological research on the issue is far beyond the scope of this study, so it will suffice to summarize the major findings thus far. In short, researchers have found certain gene alleles that contribute to personality differences, and that some of these differences result in homosexual identification as a result of more "feminine" traits being expressed (although the use of "feminine" to describe traits such as "sensitivity, empathy, tendermindedness, and kindness" is problematic from the perspective of gender normativity, this remains the vocabulary of choice within biological literature and thus will be used here) (Miller, 2000, p
But there are some basic methodological problems with the study of serial murderers. Ball (1989) notes the relative lack of in-depth personal interviews and surveys with those convicted of serial murder: thus he argues that in terms of the basic understanding in existing psychiatric literature, "the fact that the serial murderers themselves tended to refuse cooperation on personal grounds or advice of attorney has made for a necessarily sketchy and somewhat repetitious reliance on those sources that could be mined" (Ball 594)