A confidant posing as a bystander was asked to look ill and the concealed experimenters took note of when the students stopped to help the ill man, as they were hurrying to give their talk. But "when subjects appeared for the experiment they were told that they were participating in a study of the vocational careers of seminary students" not that their morality was the real intent of the study (Garret 2006)
APA (American Psychological Association) guidelines regarding research with human beings demand that all test subjects give informed consent when participating in a study, and "if the participants are deceived in any way about the nature of the study, the deception must not be so extreme as to invalidate the informed consent. Also, researchers must be very careful about the trauma deception may cause" (McEntarffer & Weseley 23)
The energy is often unfocused. The goal during the forming stage "is to create a team with clear structure, goals, direction and roles so that members begin to build trust" (Stein 2013)