Ego Sources for your Essay

Mcgregor Theory X Theory Y


Theory X and Theory Y Douglas McGregor 1960 AD Human are motivated by lower order or negative (Theory X) and higher order or positive (Theory Y) needs. Theory X: ( People Inherent dislike of work ( They must be controlled ( They avoid responsibility and seek formal direction ( Place security above other factors Theory Y: ( Take work naturally just like sex and play ( Exercise self-direction and control if committed to objectives ( People can learn to accept responsibility ( Ability to make innovative decisions is evenly dispersed throughout the population (Shah & Shah, 2008) There is no question in my mind that there are both X and Y managers and that the experience of work is dominated by the challenge of each in each setting

Union Negotiations Collect Bargaining


Over the course of time, this will provide all stakeholders with significant benefits from these negotiations. (Cimini, 1998, pp. 4 -- 11) (Brenner, 2009) References Caterpillar

Union Negotiations Collect Bargaining


Despite some of these views, the majority of executives supported the new approach when dealing with UAW (based on economic survival). (Cimini, 1998, pp

Negotiation for Delta Airlines the Situation in


"While a strike could paralyze Delta's second-largest hub at Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport, those who govern the airport's operation haven't yet drawn up a contingency plan for how they would handle the potential loss of most of its flights." (Collins & Dias, 2001) The company and the subsidiary were concerned that any additional cost in the form of pay and benefits would push them into bankruptcy

Negotiation for Delta Airlines the Situation in


Last year the average Delta pilot earned $158,500." (Fonti, 2001) The final position had the Comair pilots returned to work as the highest paid and the best covered pilots in the industry and the final position of Delta was to agree and hope to hold off bankruptcy

Categories of Research Designs: True Experiment, Factorial,


, 2011; Lammers & Badia, 2005). A case study design is useful when the research is intended to answer how and why questions, yet the behavior of the sample being studied cannot be manipulated by the researcher (Baxter & Jack, 2008)

Categories of Research Designs: True Experiment, Factorial,


• Multiple case study design. Potential Research Method The correlational ex-post facto research design is useful when it is impossible, impractical, expensive, or unethical to conduct an experiment, particularly because it is not possible to control and manipulate the variables necessary to study cause-and-effect relationships directly (Cohen, et al

Uses of Power in Negotiation


And like dancers whose steps and movements are influenced by their culture, negotiators behaviours are also influenced by culture, especially the regularity with which negotiators employ influence and information. (Adair, Okumera & Brett, 2001, 371)

Uses of Power in Negotiation


And like dancers whose steps and movements are influenced by their culture, negotiators behaviours are also influenced by culture, especially the regularity with which negotiators employ influence and information. (Adair, Okumera & Brett, 2001, 371)

Uses of Power in Negotiation


Negotiation can simply be defined as an "arrangement of terms with others." (Barnhart & Barnhart, 1989, 1390) Alternatively, negotiation between two people can be likened to dancing

Uses of Power in Negotiation


Negotiators also seem to reflect on their own reputations as well, in that they distinguish that their previous conduct can have upcoming consequences. Earlier research has discovered, for example, that people who are inclined to work together in the future are likely to be more accommodating (Ben-Yoav and Pruitt, 1984, 282) and not as manipulative (Marlowe, Gergen and Doob, 1966, 206) than people who anticipate no further dealings with each other

Uses of Power in Negotiation


Negotiation is a means by which people try to resolve what each shall proffer and receive, or execute and accept in a deal between them (Rubin and Brown, 1975, 2). Although negotiators characteristically attempt to capitalise on their ultimate results, the means by which ultimate results are capitalised on is varied motivation in nature, meaning that each negotiator is trying to both generate value (integrate) and demand value (distribute) (Lax and Sebenius, 1986, 5)

Uses of Power in Negotiation


Given this frame of mind, it appears that negotiators will start by employing influence to establish themselves in comparison with their counterpart(s). Previous research showing strong application of posturing in the first half of negotiation (Simons, 1993, 139) and the countering of rights and power sequences in the first quarter of negotiation (Lyrtle, Brett & Shapiro, 1999, 31) is in line with this belief

Uses of Power in Negotiation


Negotiators also seem to reflect on their own reputations as well, in that they distinguish that their previous conduct can have upcoming consequences. Earlier research has discovered, for example, that people who are inclined to work together in the future are likely to be more accommodating (Ben-Yoav and Pruitt, 1984, 282) and not as manipulative (Marlowe, Gergen and Doob, 1966, 206) than people who anticipate no further dealings with each other

Uses of Power in Negotiation


Because negotiations are denoted by ambiguity, this information can be rather helpful to negotiators. Negotiation is a means by which people try to resolve what each shall proffer and receive, or execute and accept in a deal between them (Rubin and Brown, 1975, 2)

Uses of Power in Negotiation


Given this frame of mind, it appears that negotiators will start by employing influence to establish themselves in comparison with their counterpart(s). Previous research showing strong application of posturing in the first half of negotiation (Simons, 1993, 139) and the countering of rights and power sequences in the first quarter of negotiation (Lyrtle, Brett & Shapiro, 1999, 31) is in line with this belief

Uses of Power in Negotiation


Likewise, labouring on the negotiation task entails both information sharing and influence endeavours. (Adair and Brett, 2001, 4-5) From the beginning, negotiators are normally aware of what they want and assume the other party wants the same (Thompson, 2001, 2)

Uses of Power in Negotiation


Reputations are socially created tags that offer depictions that organise our impressions of the other person. (Tinsley and Sullivan, 2001, 2) Negotiators' reputations precede their exchanges

Sociological Explanation of Sexual Initiation and Negotiation


These ideas are evidenced in the study above, which indicates that sexual partnering is sometimes a mental game of maintaining harmony and balance within a relationship. Key Processes Involved in the Initiation and Negotiation of Sex Women use "a wide variety of strategies to promote sexual contact with a desired man" (Clements-Schreiber, et

Sociological Explanation of Sexual Initiation and Negotiation


This may explain some women's behavior that seems to indicate a hesitation to pursue sex, whether this is fact or fallacy. Social scripts also exist that can affect the acquisition of sexual identities early on in youth (Holland, J