The researchers concluded that increasing awareness of the role of smoking in public health should be fundamental in formulating ectopic pregnancy prevention policies (Hollander). Smoking-Related Ectopic Pregnancies on the Rise in the Western World A population-based study conducted with 9,237 hospitalized Norwegian women from 1991-1997 pointed to a link between smoking and an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy (Aronsen 1999)
The other contributing factor to ectopic pregnancy that prevention measures should effectively address is smoking. Statistics say that smoking kills 430,000 Americans every year and accounts for 20% of all deaths (Bernstein et al
Ectopic Pregnancy: Etiology, Modern Diagnosis and Treatment An ectopic pregnancy is an abnormal kind of pregnancy, which occurs outside the uterus or womb (Chen 2008)
5 million adults, both men and women, are smokers. This translates to more than 1 out of every 5 adults (Cooper & Moley)
And the rest of the data suggest that a female fetus, which gets exposed to tobacco smoke while in the womb, incurs an increased risk of future infertility (Cooper & Moley). Odds Higher among Heavy Smokers A population-based study with 803 women-respondents who suffered from ectopic pregnancy in central France identified heavy smoking and history of sexually transmitted disease as main factors (Hollander 2003)
An ectopic pregnancy can be distinguished from a normal intrauterine pregnancy through a rise in quantitative HCG levels. Declining B-hCG levels is indicative of an ectopic pregnancy (Kulp & Barnhart 2008)
He may also direct the patient to undergo blood and liver function tests (Chen). Medical therapy has become the preferred approach for ectopic pregnancy in place of surgical removal in many instances (Lipscomb 2007)
AD & C, laparoscopy and laparotomy tests will confirm the diagnosis (Chen). An early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy with transvaginal ultrasound scan or TVS provides the clinician with conservative options (Madani 2008)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 17,800 in 1970 and this increased to 108,800 in 1992 (Sepilian & Wood). A gradual increase in the rate of ectopic pregnancies has been observed in the last three decades (Selway 2006)
Ectopic Pregnancy: Etiology, Modern Diagnosis and Treatment An ectopic pregnancy is an abnormal kind of pregnancy, which occurs outside the uterus or womb (Chen 2008). The term "ectopic" was adapted from the Greek word, ektopos, which means "out of place (Sepilian & Wood 2009)