Along with many of my peers in the dental community, I recommend that patients with a history of biofilm issues employ a process of gentle tongue scraping to remove any noticeable buildup of the substance, because the anaerobic properties of tongue biofilm bacteria are responsible for bad breath and other harmeful effects. (Slim, 2009)
Inorganic substances better withstand the long-term stresses on teeth because they are less susceptible to degradation. Human teeth are made of enamel, which is approximately 92% inorganic compound in the form of hydroxyapatite (Ashby & Jones, 1996)
Since they are constructed extra-orally, dental prosthetics can be heated to facilitate polymerization without regard to patient comfort or safety issues. Generally the curing phase of the process of manufacturing dental prosthetics involves submerging the viscous non-solid resin matrix monomer material within a plaster-molded imprint of the patient's teeth into a hot water bath for six to eight hours to allow for complete monomer polymerization (Urban, Machado, et al
Kennedy and Bruce Connor's 1967 documentary "Report" Why is this combination of the accidental, the amateur, the historically significant so engaging" asks film historian Stella Bruzzi in her work New Documentary, upon gazing at Abraham Zapruder's famous impromptu chronicle of President John F. Kennedy's assassination in Dallas (Bruzzi 14)
At present, total replacement is the most common method used for defective amalgam restorations and this procedure represents a major component of restorative dental treatment, with the repair of these devices being an alternative for amalgam restorations that are characterized by localized defects (Popoff, Gonzales, Magalhaes, Moreira & Ferreira, 2011). A continuing concern persists, though, that children's exposure to mercury vapor from dental amalgams can result in neurotoxicity (Bellinger & Daniel, 2007)
23). In fact, a more recent American Dental Association survey determined that posterior composite resin restorations are currently more popular than amalgam restorations, at least in the United States; however, dental schools in different countries differ significantly concerning the methods they teach for use of composite resins (Ben-Gal & Weiss, 2011)
To determine the current risks and potential alternatives to dental amalgams, this paper provides a review of the relevant peer-reviewed and scholarly literature concerning these issues, followed by a summary of the research and important findings in the conclusion. Review and Discussion Dental amalgams are a commonly used dental restorative material, but amalgams contain a number of compounds including mercury (Hg) (Geier, Carmody, Kern & King, 2011)
1527). Other researchers cite the need for longitudinal studies to determine the cumulative effects of mercury from amalgam exposure for children because these types of studies will likely provide better reliability, precision and validity to the extent that time-sensitive amalgam exposure measures are employed (Maserejian & Trachtenberg, 2008)
Food and Drug Administration entitled, "Class II Special Controls Guidance Document: Dental Amalgam, Mercury, and Amalgam Alloy" currently serves as the special control instructions for these devices (Dental devices, 2006). At present, total replacement is the most common method used for defective amalgam restorations and this procedure represents a major component of restorative dental treatment, with the repair of these devices being an alternative for amalgam restorations that are characterized by localized defects (Popoff, Gonzales, Magalhaes, Moreira & Ferreira, 2011)
In addition, the position statement from the ADA also states that the organization "finds no justification for discontinuing the use of dental amalgam," a perspective that is mirrored by the U.S. Public Health Service (Voynick, 2004, p
(2007), is associated with "impairment of the developing central nervous system, along with attendant personality, motor function, and behavioral disorders "(Woods 2007: 1527). However, the New England Children's Amalgam Trial (NECAT), found no significant differences in "over a 5-year follow-up interval, between the neuropsychological scores of children for whom dental amalgam was used to repair caries and the scores of children for whom mercury-free composite materials were used" in a study of 534 6- to 10-year-old urban and rural children (Bellinger et al
Discussion and Conclusion The researcher used JSTOR to locate the article "The contribution of dental amalgam to urinary mercury excretion in children." (Woods, et al
. By taking over some important, but unremunerative, work in public health and private practice: namely, cleaning children's teeth, and educating patients about proper dental health (Fones, 1912) (Adams, 2003)
If not removed, plaque builds up on the teeth and ultimately irritates the gums and causes bleeding. Left unchecked, bone and connective tissue are destroyed, and teeth often become loose and may have to be removed (Lewis, Carroll, 2002, p
In the clinic, on the other hand, the emphasis is less on the learning of scientific knowledge, more on the development of technique. Much of the training involves the mastery of various 'rules of thumb' (many of which are not based on scientific principles) in the treatment of dental disease (Reid, Angus, 1981, p
According to the ILO Turkey has made great strides in adopting constitutional and civil codes and laws that protect workers and allow workers to bargain collectively and help create social change. (ILO NATALEX, Country Profiles Turkey NP) Through these regulations individuals can seek redress for wrong doing and industries are required to maintain the provisions of the law to protect workers from harm
On the issue of mining and quarrying as the most dangerous of Turkey's main employment trades, this subset of employment should be offered increased technological resources to provide communications and trained rescue teams located regionally to answer concerns of miners and all those who do this dangerous underground work. (Kucuker 144) Other industries also require increased regulation and enforcement of existing laws
The BMI-for-age in the children was "significantly higher than the 50th percentile" of children in their age group ("Kids with Cavities Overweight, Not Underweight," Science Daily, 2005). Exposure to second-hand smoke also increases cavity risk, according to the University of Rochester, and this relationship between cavities and second-hand smoking persists even after researchers controlled for "many variables, including age, sex, race, region, dentist's visits, nutritional status and blood lead levels" (Anderson, 2001)
But new forms of implants and bonding materials are no replacement for research that aids in the early detection of children who are at-risk for developing cavities in the future. "The pronounced decline in the prevalence, incidence, and patterns of caries in children during the 1970s and '80s" reduced research in this area until recently (Stookey, 2004)
In the woods, he hoped to find transcendence: "When we are unhurried and wise, we perceive that only great and worthy things have any permanent and absolute existence, that petty fears and petty pleasures are but the shadow of the reality. This is always exhilarating and sublime (Thoreau, Chapter 2, Paragraph 21, (http://thoreau